conservation and preservation and sustainabilty

What is conservation

Maintenance of biodiversity through human action

What is the aim of conservation

Sustainable development and maintaining biodiversity (genetic, species and habitat biodiversity)

Having enough resources to use

What are the economic social and ethical reasons to conserve

Social

• enjoyment

• Relaxation (aesthetic)

Economic

• provide resources (for those farmers who harvest and for sustainable development) a

• Medicine

Ethical - all organisms have right to exists

What is preservation

Protection of an area by resisting human interference

What is the aim of preservation

Protect environmentally sensitive ecosystems

E.g Antarctica / Galápagos Islands

Place easily influenced by any changes

What have humans focused more on?

Humans have focused more on conservation to maintain sustainable biosphere

What is sutainability for? What does it ensure and what does it balance?

Ensures enough resources for future generations

Ensures LEDCs to develop - provides economic opportunity

Balance consumption of resources between MEDCs and LEDCs (the more developed countries use resources a lot quicker)

Preserve environment to protect biodiversity

What are the 2 types of timber production?

Small scale

Large scale

What are the 2 types of smal scale timber production

Coppicing and pollarding

What’s the difference between coppicing and pollarding

Coppicing

• early and relatively quick

• Cut tree at base of tree - more branches coming out - harvest more wood

• But it can easily be eaten by herbivores but its quick and generates more branches

Pollarding

• less easily eaten and not growing as many branches

• Cut tree at higher place - any newly grown shoots cant easily be eaten

What’s rotational coppicing

Rotational coppicing - split forest and rotate which areas coppicing occurs

It allows time for already coppicing trees to row to an acceptable standard (protecting source of timber)

The trees dont block sunlight as there so close to ground and so there’s no succession which maintains biodiversity

What is large scale timber production and what are the benefits and disadvantages

felling large areas of forests

Trees wont regrow

Soil erosion (lack of protection from trees)

• ensures protected areas for locals

• Selective cutting

• Replant trees of optimal distances to avoid competion

• Manage pest and pathogens

What are the 4 things to do with sustainable. Fishing

What are each for?

Fishing quotas - avoid overfishing

Use bigger net mesh - immature fish can escape grow and reproduce

Restrict fishing time of year - protect breeding

Fish farming - maintain protein supply and prevent loss of wld species

Growing in stock of fish in a controlled environment to avoid fish wasting energy - more nergy is put into growing biomass