social psych lec 5+6

self-esteem

how much value people place on themselves

trait

stable across lifetime

state

fluctuates over time

high SE outcomes

not different from low SE, except in romantic relationships

sociometer theory

self-esteem is based on gauge of how accepted we are by a group

actual self

traits you believe you have

ought self

traits you believe you should have

ideal self

traits you want to have that will help you achieve your dreams

self discrepancy theory

bigger discrepancy between actual and ought+idea self means lower self-esteem

self-presentation

controlling how others perceive us

above average effect

see ourselves as above average for most things

dunning-kruger effect

the worse we are at something, the better we think we are

self-serving cognitions

attribute success to internal factors, failures to external

ego depletion study

will-power as a finite resource, but study failed to replicate

self-handicapping

sabotage performance to provide an excuse for failure

basking in reflected glory

associate with groups/peers when they experience success, distance when they fail

downward social comparison

compare self to people worse off to feel better