DCUSH Unit 3: Chapters 6&7 (part 2)

Election of 1796

• John Adams (Federalist) wins the election & Jefferson becomes vice president

• Adam struggles bc he was not no Washington

XYZ Affair

Adams sent American agents to mend the relationship w/ French (connection to Jay’s Treaty) ; bribe & loan was demanded from French

What was the result of the XYZ Affair?

Anti-French sentiment in US as people thought the French were shady ; led to Quasi War (undeclared naval war)

Alien Act

increased naturalization period from 5 to 14 yrs (raised residency requirement for US citizenship)

Sedition Acts

Targeted the Jeffersonian faction ; limits on speech (you could get fined/jailed if you speak bad about the Federalist party)

The Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions, 1798

• Written by Thomas Jefferson & James Madison

• Alien & Sedition acts are unconstitutional & states had a right to nullify (void) unconstitutional acts by the federal gov.

• drew line between Federalists & Democratic Republicans

• Adams is doomed into a single presidency

What was the problem after the constitution regarding slavery, enslaved people, & free Black Americans

Americans debated what to & there was no agreement on a solution

American Colonization Society

organization founded by Robert Finley, Francis Scott Key, Henry Clay & others to send freeborn African Americans & emancipated slaves to West Africa (Liberia)

Ethnic Cleansing

systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a certain area to make a society ethnically homogeneous (same)

Election of 1800

• Jefferson and Burr are tied and Congress/House of Representatives to make the decision of who is going to be president (left to ppl to decide)

• Though Hamilton had a strong influence helping him make Jefferson president (tho he didn’t like both he thought Jefferson was more bearable than Burr)

What was the significance of the Election of 1800

was the first peaceful transfer of power

Who was Sally Hemings? Whats her story w/ Jefferson?

Jefferson’s wife had a half sister which was Sally Hemings who was around 12 or 13 and allegedly Jefferson had an affair with her and they had a kid

Why does Sally Hemings and the scandal matter?

shows why Jefferson remains a controversial figure (he wrote ab how ppl shouldn’t have interracial marriages/affair and how they need to keep their blood “clean” yet he does this) and how slavery, race, and personal scandal became part of early American political debate

Burr & Hamilton Rivalry & 1804 duel

• After the whole election of 1800 situation, Burr & Hamilton’s rivalry escalated leading to the famous 1804 duel

• this was where Aaron Burr shot Hamilton & he dies (along w/ the Federalist party, takes time to burn out)

T/F: During Jefferson’s presidency, he cut taxes; relied more on tariffs; repealed whiskey tax & reduced the size of the federal gov. & military

True (remember that Jefferson was a Democratic Republican so he supports a weak central gov. and so on)

Louisiana Purchase

doubled the size of the US, westward expansion (conflict w/ natives), questions of constitutional (loose vs. strict interpretation of Constitution), the Mississippi River, & Lewis & Clark expedition

Madbury vs. Madison

court case that established judicial review (gave federal courts power to declare laws passed by Congress or actions by the executive branch unconstitutional and void)

Why does the Madbury vs. Madison case matter tdy?

The Supreme Court still uses judicial review tdy to determine whether laws & gov. actions violate the Constitution

Embargo Act of 1807

Issue of impressment led to Jefferson pushing the Embargo Act through Congress which prohibited American ships from trading w/ European countries

Who would the Embargo Act of 1807 affect the most?

would mostly affect the Federalists as they were bankers, traders, and more

Name the following presidents in order: James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, James Monroe, John Adams

1. George Washington

2. John Adams

3. Thomas Jefferson

4. James Madison

5. James Monroe

Annapolis Convention

meeting in Annapolis, Maryland to address trade & navigation problems caused by the weak central gov. under the Articles of Confederation

Disestablishment

separation of church & state, ensuring that gov. doesn’t favor/establish a certain religion

Republican Motherhood

early American belief that women were essential to the health & survival of the nation by nurturing the principles of liberty & virtue in the citizenry (teach these principles to future citizens)

Gabriel’s Rebellion

failed slave plot in VA, goal was to end slavery in VA ; they planned on marching, setting fires, attacking white residents, etc. Failed bc two enslaved ppl leaked the plot to their enslavers

Tenskwatawa

a Native leader from the Shawnee tribe who was known as “The Prophet” ; influenced tribes to team up, stop acting like white settlers & fight to protect land

Tecumseh

a powerful Native leader who tried to unite different tribes together into 1 group to stop white settler from taking their land

relationship between Tecumseh & Tenskwatawa

Shawnee brothers who built a big Native team to protect their land & culture from white settlers

Red Sticks

group of Natives who chose to fight against US to protect their land & way of life ; allied w/ Tecumseh