energy balance and temperature regulation

this is the amount of heat produced by the body per unit of time at rest

basic metabolic rate

what is the most important control factor of BMR

thyroxine

this is the total amount of kilocalories the body must consume to fuel ongoing activities

total metabolic rate

where is food intake controlled

hypothalamus

these neurons are potent appetite stimulators

neuropeptide Y neurons

these neurons are appetite suppressors

proopiomelanocortin

this adipokine increases sensitivity to insulin which protects against type 2 diabetes

adiponectin

this adipokine is essential in normal body weight regulation by suppressing appetite

leptin

this adipokine is a suppressor when elevted

insulin

what is secreted by the lateral hypothalamic area which is a potent appetite stimulator

orexins

what is secreted from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus which is an appetite and food intake suppressor

CRH

this is a short term hunger signal

ghrelin

this is a signal for satiety secreted by the GI

pyy3-36

this is the satiety center in the brainstem which processes signals important for the feeling of being full fro hypothalamus and afferent from gi

NTS

what main center receives positive or negative input to determine food intake

hypothalamic apetite center

this is emission of heat from the surface of a warm body, transfer of heat from warmer to cooler object, humans lost ½ energy by this

radiation

this is transfer of heat from one object to another by direct contact, transfer dependent on temp difference, conductivity. small percentage of heat lost by this

conduction

this is the transfer of heat by air currents, rate of heat loss increases with increased air movement

convection

this is heat loss via liquid to gaseous vapor to cool the body or warm

evaporation

this detects a change in skin temp

peripheral thermoreceptor

this detects change in core temperature

central chemoreceptor

this decreases metabolism, brain function, resp function, cv function, leads to death bc body temp drops low

hypothermia

this causes increased metabolic rate causing increased body temp leading to heat stroke or exhaustion

hyperthermia