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Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume).

Chemistry

The study of matter, its properties, composition, structure, and the changes it undergoes.

Pure Substance

Matter that is composed of only one type of particle with a uniform and definite composition.

Mixture

Matter composed of two or more different pure substances physically combined.

Solution (Homogeneous Mixture)

A mixture with a uniform appearance throughout, consisting of only one visible phase.

Mechanical Mixture (Heterogeneous Mixture)

A mixture with two or more visible phases or parts.

Alloy

A solid solution composed of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal (e.g., brass, bronze, stainless steel).

Physical Property

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical identity.

Qualitative Property

A physical property described using words and senses (e.g., colour, texture, state, odour).

Quantitative Property

A physical property that can be measured and expressed using numerical values and units (e.g., mass, density, boiling point).

Physical Change

A change in which the substance alters its form, size, shape, or state, but retains its original chemical identity.

Chemical Property

A characteristic describing a substance's ability to react with other substances and form new substances (e.g., flammability, reactivity with acid).

Chemical Change

A change in which one or more new substances with different physical and chemical properties are formed.

Density

The ratio of a substance's mass to its volume, expressed as $\text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}}$.

Boiling Point

The specific temperature at which a liquid changes state into a gas.

What is a solution?

A mixture that appears completely uniform throughout and consists of only one visible phase.

What is the difference between a solution and a mechanical mixture?

A solution is uniform and has no visible parts, while a mechanical mixture has distinct visible parts.

What are the three main types of physical changes?

Change of Size, Change of Shape, Change of State.

What are the five key clues indicating a chemical change?

Change of Colour, Change of Odour, Bubbles of Gas Produced, A Precipitate is Produced, Heat and/or Light is Released or Absorbed.

What is a qualitative physical property?

A property that can be observed using the senses without numerical measurement.

What is the formula for density?

$\text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}}$.

What does the 'S' in the GRASS method stand for?

Solve: Substitute the given values into the equation and perform the calculation.