Nucleic acids and Nucleotides

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6 Terms

1
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What is a nucleotide made from?

A nitrogenous base, a five carbon sugar molecule and a phosphate group

2
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What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA vs RNA

  • DNA: Adenine-Thymine, Cytosine-Guanine

  • RNA: Adenine-Uracil, Cytosine-Guanine


3
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What is the difference between ribose sugar and deoxyribose sugar?

  • In RNA, at the second carbon position it has a standard hydroxyl (-OH) group

  • In DNA, the sugar is missing one oxygen atom at the 2nd carbon position


4
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How are the nitrogenous bases classified

  • Purines: 2 rings examples are Adenine and Guanine

  • Pyramides: 1 ring examples are Thyrosine, Uracil and Cytosine


5
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What are the 3 types of RNA and function of each

  • mRNA: carries genetic blueprint from cells DNA to the ribosome

  • tRNA: delivers the correct amino acids to the ribosome during protein assembly

  • rRNA: forms the physical structure of the ribosome and catalyzes the protein-building reaction


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