Updated CCMA TEST Review

full block

No salutation, all-caps subject line between address/body, left justified, no closing, all-caps signature

Normal BP

Systolic <120, Diastolic <80

Elevated BP

Systolic 120-129, Diastolic <80

Stage 1 hypertension

Systolic 130-139, Diastolic 80-89

Stage 2 hypertension

Systolic >=140, Diastolic >=90

Hypertentative crisis

Systolic >180 and/or Diastolic >120

Dorsal recumbent/supine

Lying flat on back

Prone

Lying on stomach, head to side

Sims position used for

Rectal exams

Parenteral administration

Bypasses digestive system, direct to bloodstream (IM, IV, SC)

qs

As much as needed

supp

Suppository (rectal)

Antitussive

Suppresses cough reflex

Antiemetic

Reduces nausea

CPT Category I code

5 digits; services/procedures, used for billing

CPT Category II code

4 digits; optional, tracks performance

CPT Category III code

3 digits; temporary, tracks emerging technology

Insulin injection route

Subcutaneous

Insulin injection angle

45° normal weight; 90° obese patients

PCMH (Patient-Centered Medical Home)

Encourages shared decision-making, provider-managed holistic care

Sign vs symptom

Sign = objective/observable; symptom = subjective

Hydrocodone

Narcotic, moderate-severe pain

Morphine

Narcotic, severe pain

Codein

Narcotic, mild-moderate pain (Schedule III)

Oxycodone

Narcotic, mild-moderate pain

Lorazepam

Benzodiazepine, anxiety

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstrual period

Menarche

First menstrual period

Ischemia

Restricted blood flow to body part

Necrosis

Death of cells/tissue

Dyspnea

Difficulty breathing/shortness of breath

Dystonia

Movement disorder

Tympanitis

Inflammation of eardrum

ABG

Arterial blood gas

Proximal

Closer to point of attachment

Distal

Farther from point of attachment

Thrombophlebitis

Clot formation in a vein

Atherosclerosis

Fat/cholesterol buildup in artery walls; smoking is a risk factor

Peripheral artery disease

Narrow arteries reduce blood flow to arms/legs

Pulmonary embolism

Clot travels to lungs, reduces oxygen uptake

Villi

Folds in small intestine, increase absorption

Immunoglobulins

Antibodies - identify/neutralize pathogens

Cytokines

Signaling molecules for immune communication

Antigens

Molecules that trigger immune response

Ligament

Bone to bone

Tendon

Muscle to bone

Orchitis

Inflammation of one/both testes

Cirrhosis

Chronic liver disorder - jaundice, ab pain, confusion, anemia

Crohn's disease

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease, can affect any part of digestive tract

Diverticulitis

Chronic condition affecting colon

Menstrual bleeding duration

2-7 days

Schedule I drug

No accepted medical use, high abuse potential (Heroin, LSD, Marijuana)

Schedule II drug

Accepted use, high abuse potential (Fentanyl, Oxycodone, Morphine, Methamphetamine)

Schedule III drug

Accepted use, lower abuse potential (Codeine)

Schedule IV Drug

Accepted use, low abuse potential (Xanax, Valium, Ambien)

Schedule V drug

Accepted use, lowest abuse potential (Cough meds w/ codeine)

RUQ contains

Liver (right lobe), gallbladder, duodenum, head of pancreas, right kidney/adrenal, hepatic flexure

RLQ

Cecum, appendix, ascending colon, right ovary/fallopian tube, right ureter (appendicitis pain here)

Heart's function

Pumps blood to body

Phalanges

Finger/toe bones

Tibia

Shin bone

Metacarpals

Bones between wrist and fingers (palm)

Carpals

Wrist bones

Hematocrit

% of RBCs in blood; assesses anemia/polycythemia

Normal Hematocrit

Men 41-53%, Women 36-46%

ESR test

Measures inflammation via RBC settling speed

CMS-1500

Health insurance claim form; bills outpatient services after care

Simplified letter format

No salutation, all-caps subject line between address/body, left justified, no closing, all-caps signature

full block format

Fully left aligned, no indents Modified = sender's address right-aligned. Semi = paragraphs indented.

Apnea

Temporary cessation of breathing

Syncope patient position

Supine or Trendelenburg (feet elevated)

Anemia symptom

Shortness of breath

Heart attack

Blood supply to heart blocked

Epinephrine

Opens lungs

Epinephrine + local anesthetic effect

Vasoconstrictor - keeps anesthetic from diffusing away

Chronic pain disorder - muscles, joints, soft tissues; needs multidisciplinary care

Fibromyalagia

SubQ injection Specs

45°, 23-25 gauge, 5/8 in needle

IM Injection Specs

90°, 22-25 gauge, 1-1.5 in needle

Diabetic insulin injection site

Rotate daily

Pyloric stenosis

Thickened pylorus muscle blocks food from entering gut

Fistula

Abnormal connection between body parts

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration (lack of oxygen)

Petechiae

Small red/purple spots from capillary bleeding

Multiple sclerosis

CNS disease - vision, movement, sensory, balance issues

FBS

Fasting blood sugar (after 8 hr fast)

Shock

Inadequate blood flow → organ damage

Shock first aid

Open airway, stop bleeding, maintain body temp

Seizure

Sudden abnormal brain activity, unconsciousness/rigidity

Seizure first aid

Move away from danger, lie on side to prevent choking

Vomiting first aid

Cold compress to head, breathe deeply

Mononucleosis symptoms

Fatigue, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes

Herpes simplex virus

Cold sores, genital herpes

Rotavirus

Diarrhea, mainly in children

Before mammogram

No deodorant/lotion for 24 hrs

Most common temp route

Oral

Hemostat

Clamps off blood vessels

Retractor

Holds back organs/tissue

Lacerated leg first step

Control bleeding, elevate limb

Suturing

Closing a wound after bleeding

HPV vaccine protects against

Cervical cancer, genital warts