MIBO Ch 20 Antimicrobial Medications

Antimicrobial drug

a metabolic product of an organism or a chemical compound that is inhibitory to microorganisms

selective toxicity

interfere with essential structures of properties common in microbes but not human cells

therapeutic index

high index is less toxic to patient

low index must be monitered

bacteriostatic

inhibit bacterial growth

bactericidal

kill bacteria

broad spectrum

affect a wide range

pro: important for treating acute life-threatening diseases

con: disrupt normal microbiota that help in keeping out pathogens

narrow spectrum

affect limited range

pro: less disruptive to normal microbiota

con: requires identification of pathogen

antagonistic combination

medications that interfere with each other

synergistic combination

one medication is enhanced

additive combination

no effect one way or the other

half life or rate of elimination

dictates frequency

some unstable at low pH must be injected

dybiosis

suppression of normal microbiota