U.S. History Test Sets ABCDEFG

Imperialism

The domination of one nation over the political, economic, and cultural life of another nation.

What were the Goals of Imperialism?

To expand territory and build an empire.

What was the ECONOMIC goal of Imperialism?

Expand trade and acquire new resources.

What was the MILITARY goal of Imperialism?

The U.S. wanted to have bases around the world.

What was the CULTURAL goal of Imperialism?

The U.S. wanted to show off its language, culture, and religion.

What was the motto of the goals of Imperialism?

"Greed, Glory, God"

Isolation

Policy of NOT welcoming visitors and NOT allowing its people to leave.

What did the U.S. want to do with Japan in the 1850s?

U.S. wanted to expand overseas trade.

What did "Commodore" Matthew Perry do? (1)

He was sent by the U.S. to open trade talks with Japan.

What did "Commodore" Matthew Perry do? (2)

He also gave Japan 1 year to decide to trade or go to war.

Treaty of Kanagawa

Japan agreed to open 2 ports to the U.S.

Alaska

Northern Arctic Wilderness owned by Russia.

What resources were mainly in Alaska?

Oil, Gold, Fish, Lumber

William Seward

Sec. of State who bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million.

Seward's Folly/Seward's Icebox

Names Americans jokingly gave the purchase because they thought it was a bad deal.

What were the results of purchasing Alaska? (1)

Increased the size of the U.S.

What were the results of purchasing Alaska? (2)

Removed Russian influence from North America.

Hawaii

Group of Islands in the Pacific

What was the U.S. interested in doing with Hawaii in the 1850s?

U.S. was interested because of military bases and sugarcane.

Queen Liliuokalani

The 1st, only, and last queen of Hawaii who resisted U.S. interference.

President Grover Cleveland

Objected to overthrowing the queen, but Congress didn't agree.

What did the U.S. do to Hawaii?

The U.S. sent the military to overthrow the queen and annexed Hawaii.

What was China like in the Late 1800s?

China was divided into "Spheres of Influence

"Spheres of Influence"

Areas where an outside power claims trade privileges.

What did the U.S. want to do in China in the Late 1800s?

U.S. wanted to expand trade in the Pacific.

Open-Door Policy

U.S. called for China to open trade to all nations on an equal basis.

Social Darwinism

aka "Survival of the Fittest"

How did Social Darwinism/"Survival of the Fittest" affect the U.S.?

The world was changing, and the U.S. felt it had to do what was necessary to compete with other nations and become a major power.

Jingoism

An extreme nationalism that favors aggressive foreign policy and war.

White Man's Burden

U.S. felt obligated to help civilize people in lesser nations.

Alfred T. Mahan

Navy officer and historian who believed seapower would make the U.S. a great nation.

Henry Cabot Lodge

Senator who believed the U.S. should use the military to acquire the Philippines, Hawaii, and the Panama Canal.

Theodore Roosevelt

Assistant Secretary of the Navy who felt the U.S. should go to war to become an elite world power.

Spanish-American War

1898

Spanish-American War Background

Cuba - 90 miles from Florida and under Spanish rule

What did Cuba do in retaliation for Spanish rule?

Began to rebel against Spain.

Valeriano Weyler

Spanish general was sent to Cuba to stop the rebellion.

Newspapers

Began to report on events in Cuba and exaggerated stories to sell more papers.

Yellow Journalism

Style of reporting that tries to stir the emotions of the reader by using exaggerated headlines.

Joseph Pulitzer + William Randolph Hearst

Newspaper owners from NY who used Yellow Journalism to urge the U.S. to go to war and sell more papers.

Pres. William McKinley

Wanted "peaceful diplomacy" with Spain despite being pressured to go to war.

"deLome Letter"

Sent by a Spanish official to a friend in Cuba, and insulted McKinley and the U.S.

- The letter was printed in the papers and caused Americans to be angrier with Spain.

The "Maine" date

Feb. 15, 1898

The "Maine" Location

Havana Habor

What happened with the "Maine"?

Exploded outside Cuba, killing over 260 Americans

- Newspapers and people blamed Spain

Theodore Roosevelt

Took action and sent the Navy to the Pacific to attack Spain.

George Dewey

Led the U.S. to its first victory over Spain in the Philippines

Rough Riders

Volunteer army of 1,200 troops led by TR.

Buffalo Soldiers

3,000 African American troops fought against Spain in Cuba.

Santiago + San Juan Hill

Battles in which the U.S. defeated Spain and forced them to surrender in 4 months.

Results of the Spanish-American War (1)

Sec. of St. John Hay - called the war a "splendid little war"

Results of the Spanish-American War (2)

Cuba became independent.

Platt Amd. (3)

Gave the U.S. the right to intervene in Cuba to protect their independence.

Teller Amd. (4)

Gave Cuba the right to govern themselves.

Results of the Spanish-American War (5)

It was the U.S.' s first time fighting a war outside of the U.S.

- Acquired the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam.