Epithelial Tissues & Junctions

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Last updated 5:45 PM on 9/28/26
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25 Terms

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  1. Epithelial tissues


sheet of cells that covers body surfaces or cavities

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  1. Connective tissues


binding and support, protecting, insulating, storing reserve fuel, and transporting substances

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  1. Muscular Tissues


Responsible for most types of movement


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Nervous

Regulates and controls body functions

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Cell Junctions

how cells within tissues are held together

  • tight junctions

  • desmosomes

  • gap junctions


<p>how cells within tissues are held together </p><ul><li><p>tight junctions</p></li><li><p>desmosomes</p></li><li><p>gap junctions</p></li></ul><p></p>
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tight junctions

Prevent fluids and most molecules from moving in between cells

<p><span>Prevent fluids and most molecules from moving in between cells</span></p>
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adhering junctions

Provide strong mechanical attachments

<p><span>Provide strong mechanical attachments</span></p>
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desmosomes

allow “give” between cells, reducing the possibility of tearing under tension

<p><span>allow “give” between cells, reducing the possibility of tearing under tension</span></p>
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hemidesmosomes

Provide mechanical stability between tissue and underlying extracellular matrix/basement membrane

<p><span>Provide mechanical stability between tissue and underlying extracellular matrix/basement membrane</span></p>
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gap junctions

Allows electrical signals to be passed quickly from one cell to next cell

<p><span>Allows electrical signals to be passed quickly from one cell to next cell</span></p>
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<p>Epithelial tissues</p>

Epithelial tissues

Main functions: protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, and sensory reception

  • 2 types

    • Covering and lining-skin

    • glandular- secretory tissue in glands


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apical (free surface)

  • upper free side, is exposed to surface or cavity

    • Most surfaces are smooth, but some have specialized fingerlike projections called microvilli


<ul><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">upper free side, is exposed to surface or cavity</span></p><ul><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;">Most surfaces are smooth, but some have specialized fingerlike projections called <strong>microvilli</strong></span></p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
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basal lamina

an adhesive sheet that holds basal surface of epithelial cells to underlying cells

<p><span style="background-color: transparent;">an adhesive sheet that holds basal surface of epithelial cells to underlying cells</span></p>
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reticular lamina

knowt flashcard image
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Cell layers and shape

  • simple: 1 layer

  • stratified: 2+ layers


<ul><li><p>simple: 1 layer</p></li><li><p>stratified: 2+ layers</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>simple squamous epithelium </p>

simple squamous epithelium

  • Func: diffusion, filtration, secretion

  • Loc: lines CV/lymphatic system (endothelium) and layer of serous membrane in abdominal and thoracic cavities (mesothelium)


<ul><li><p>Func:<strong> diffusion, filtration, secretion </strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: lines CV/lymphatic system (endothelium) and layer of serous membrane in abdominal and thoracic cavities (mesothelium)</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>simple cuboidal epithelium </p>

simple cuboidal epithelium

  • Func: secretion and absorption

  • Loc: ovary, eye lens, retina, lines kidney tubules, small gland sin ducts


<ul><li><p>Func:<strong> secretion and absorption</strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: ovary, eye lens, retina, lines kidney tubules, small gland sin ducts</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>nonciliated simple columnar epithelium </p>

nonciliated simple columnar epithelium

  • Func: secretion and absorption

    • lubricates lining of GI, respiratory;prevents destruction of stomach by acids

  • Loc: GI tract, ducts of many glands and gallbladder

- can have microvilli


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>secretion and absorption</strong></p><ul><li><p>lubricates lining of GI, respiratory;prevents destruction of stomach by acids</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Loc: GI tract, ducts of many glands and gallbladder</p></li></ul><p><strong>- can have microvilli</strong></p><p></p>
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<p>ciliated simple columnar epithelium </p>

ciliated simple columnar epithelium

  • Func: Moves mucus/particles in resp system; moves oocytes in reproductive

  • Loc: bronchioles, uterus, sinuses


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>Moves mucus/particles</strong> in resp system; <strong>moves oocytes</strong> in reproductive</p></li><li><p>Loc: bronchioles, uterus, sinuses</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>nonciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium </p>

nonciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

  • Func: absorption and secretion

  • Loc: lines epididymis, larger ducts of many glands, male urethra


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>absorption and secretion</strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: lines epididymis, larger ducts of many glands, male urethra</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium </p>

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

  • Func: Secretes mucus & cilia moves mucus/particles

  • Loc: lines airways of upper resp tract


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>Secretes mucus &amp; cilia moves mucus/particles</strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: lines airways of upper resp tract</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>stratified squamous epithelium </p>

stratified squamous epithelium

  • Func: protection against UV, abrasion, microbes

  • Loc: kertinized superficial layer of skin; nonkeratinized lines mouth, esophasgus, pharynx, vagina


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>protection against UV, abrasion, microbes</strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: <strong>kertinized</strong> superficial layer of skin; <strong>nonkeratinized</strong> lines mouth, esophasgus, pharynx, vagina</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>stratified cuboidal epithelium </p>

stratified cuboidal epithelium

  • Func: protection; limited secretion and absorption

  • Loc: sweat and mammory glands


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>protection; limited secretion and absorption</strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: sweat and mammory glands</p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>stratified columnar epithelium </p>

stratified columnar epithelium

  • Func: protection and secretion

  • Loc: Small amounts found in pharynx, in male urethra, and lining some glandular ducts

  • LIMITED


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>protection and secretion</strong></p></li><li><p>Loc: <span style="background-color: transparent;">Small amounts found in pharynx, in male urethra, and lining some glandular ducts</span></p></li><li><p><span style="background-color: transparent;"><strong>LIMITED</strong></span></p></li></ul><p></p>
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<p>transitional epithelium </p>

transitional epithelium

  • Func: stretch + protection

    • allows urinary organs to stretch and maintain without rupturing

  • Loc: urinary bladder, ureters portions of urethra


<ul><li><p>Func: <strong>stretch + protection </strong></p><ul><li><p> allows urinary organs to stretch and maintain without rupturing</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Loc: urinary bladder, ureters portions of urethra</p></li></ul><p></p>