IELTS Academic Cambridge 17 – Vocabulary (Test 1 • Passage 1: The Development of the London Underground Railway)

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards based on Cambridge IELTS 17, Test 1, Passage 1 (The Development of the London Underground Railway), detailing parts of speech, definitions, and usage examples.

Rapidly

(adv) Một cách nhanh chóng. Example: Crime figures are rising rapidly.

Astonishing

(adj) Kinh ngạc, đáng ngạc nhiên. Example: She ran 100m in an astonishing 10.6 seconds.

Rate

(noun) Tốc độ, tỷ lệ. Example: The number of reported crimes is increasing at an alarming rate.

Congested

(adj) Bị ùn tắc, đông đúc. Example: Many of Europe's airports are heavily congested.

Increasingly

(adv) Càng ngày càng. Example: Tourism is playing an increasingly important role in the region's economy.

Suburb

(noun) Khu ngoại ô. Example: They decided to move to a quiet suburb outside London.

Construct

(verb) Xây dựng. Example: The building was constructed in 1993.

Relocate

(verb) Tái bố trí, di dời. Example: Our offices are to be relocated to Newcastle.

Slum

(noun) Khu ổ chuột. Example: She was brought up in the slums of Leeds.

Support

(verb) Hỗ trợ, ủng hộ. Example: The party fully supports new welfare reform bill.

Submit

(verb) Nộp, trình duyệt. Example: Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.

Reject

(verb) Bác bỏ, từ chối. Example: The bank has the option of accepting or rejecting this offer.

Coincide

(verb) Trùng hợp, xảy ra đồng thời. Example: It's a pity our trips to New York don't coincide.

Proposal

(noun) Bản kiến nghị, đề xuất. Example: His proposal that the system should be changed was rejected.

Initially

(adv) Lúc đầu, ban đầu. Example: More people had been infected than was initially thought.

Funding

(noun) Tiền tài trợ, vốn. Example: There have been large cuts in government funding for research.

Project

(noun) Dự án. Example: The final term will be devoted to project work.

Raise

(verb) Quyên tiền, huy động. Example: We are raising money for charity.

Scheme

(noun) Kế hoạch, phương án. Example: Under the new scheme, successful schools receive extra funding.

Radical

(adj) Cấp tiến, triệt để. Example: These people have very radical views.

Critical

(adj) Mang tính chỉ trích, phê bình. Example: His latest film attracted enthusiastic critical comment.

Negative

(adj) Tiêu cực. Example: The crisis had a negative effect on trade.

Press

(noun) Báo chí, truyền thông. Example: The mainstream press is ignoring this story.

Merge

(verb) Sáp nhập, hợp nhất. Example: The banks are set to merge next year.

Establish

(verb) Xây dựng, thành lập. Example: The committee was established in 1912.

Edge

(noun) Rìa, mép. Example: He stood on the edge of the cliff.

Collapse

(verb) Đổ sập, sụp đổ. Example: The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.

Tunnel

(noun) Đường hầm. Example: They have been digging underground tunnels in the mountains.

Cover

(verb) Bao phủ, che phủ. Example: She covered her face with her hands.

Rebuild

(verb) Xây lại, tái thiết. Example: After the earthquake, people set about rebuilding homes.

Arch

(noun) Mái vòm, hình vòm. Example: Homeless people slept under the railway arches.

Trench

(noun) Cái rãnh, mương. Example: Workmen were digging a trench beside the road.

Operation

(noun) Việc vận hành, hoạt động. Example: The authorities launched a massive security operation.

Line

(noun) Tuyến tàu chạy, đường ray. Example: The train was delayed because a tree fell across the line.

Underground

(adj) Dưới lòng đất. Example: The city built an underground railway network.

Ventilation

(noun) Việc làm thoáng khí, thông gió. Example: Make sure there is adequate ventilation in the room.

Prevent

(verb) Ngăn chặn, phòng ngừa. Example: An injury prevented her from joining the army.

Pollution

(noun) Sự ô nhiễm. Example: There is a high risk of pollution from the landfill site.

Fail

(verb) Thất bại, không thể. Example: Many diets fail because they are boring.

Fumes

(noun) Khói, khí độc. Example: She was overcome by smoke and fumes.

Remain

(verb) Vẫn là, còn lại. Example: It remains unclear whether they will agree to the meeting.

Shaft

(noun) Trục hầm, cây cột. Example: Workers go down through a vertical shaft sunk from top.

Approach

(noun) Giải pháp, cách tiếp cận. Example: She took the wrong approach in her dealings with them.

Technique

(noun) Kỹ thuật, phương pháp. Example: Researchers used advanced techniques to analyse brain scans.

Require

(verb) Yêu cầu, đòi hỏi. Example: Deciphering the code requires an expert.

Alternative

(noun) Giải pháp thay thế. Example: There is a vegetarian alternative on the menu.

Option

(noun) Sự lựa chọn. Example: There are various options open to you.

Extension

(noun) Sự mở rộng, gia hạn. Example: The bank plans various extensions to its facilities.

Congestion

(noun) Sự ùn tắc. Example: Parking near the school causes severe traffic congestion.

Carriage

(noun) Khoang tàu, toa xe. Example: A four-wheeled coach pulled by horses is a carriage.

Eye level

(noun) Tầm mắt. Example: Computer screens should be at eye level.

Reliable

(adj) Đáng tin cậy. Example: We are looking for someone reliable and hard-working.

Engines

(noun) Động cơ. Example: I got in the car and started the engine.

Unreliable

(adj) Không đáng tin cậy. Example: The public trains are notoriously unreliable.

Achievement

(noun) Thành tựu. Example: It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.

Locomotive

(noun) Động cơ xe lửa, đầu máy. Example: This fine locomotive is back in service on the line.

Heart

(noun) Trung tâm, trái tim. Example: Manchester contains at its heart a commercial district.

Financial

(adj) Thuộc về tài chính. Example: The company offers sophisticated financial services.

Success

(noun) Thành công. Example: The company achieved considerable success in this market.

Profit

(noun) Lợi nhuận. Example: Profits before tax grew from £615m to £1,168m.

Technical

(adj) Thuộc về kỹ thuật. Example: We offer free technical support for software buyers.

Network

(noun) Mạng lưới. Example: The new rail services will form a connecting network.

On time

(adv) Đúng giờ. Example: The train arrived right on time.

Exist

(verb) Tồn tại. Example: Few of these monkeys still exist in the wild.

Means

(noun) Phương tiện, cách thức. Example: The state is in control of the means of production.

Narrow

(adj) Hẹp. Example: The road soon became narrower and steeper.

Generator

(noun) Máy phát điện. Example: Emergency generators were used during the power cut.

Transfer

(verb) Truyền tải, chuyển đổi. Example: The system prevents air from transferring between tires.

Confined

(adj) Chật hẹp, giới hạn. Example: It is cruel to keep animals in confined spaces.