Urdu Grammar: Sentence Structure, Pronouns, and Verb Conjugation of Honá

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering basic Urdu sentence structure, personal pronouns, the present conjugation of the verb 'Honá', negation rules, and essential vocabulary.

Urdu Sentence Word Order

The standard sentence structure in Urdu where the sentence begins with the Subject, ends with the Verb, and complements or other elements fall in between (Subject-Complement-Verb).

Honá

The Urdu verb meaning "to be".

Maiñ

The first-person singular pronoun in Urdu meaning "I".

Ham

The first-person plural pronoun meaning "We", which is also used in place of "Maiñ" as a mark of humility, the "royal we", or commonly in North India.

Tú

The least formal second-person pronoun meaning "You", used only with intimate relations, young children, servants, when intending an insult, or when addressing God and (in some regions) one's mother.

Tum

The common/informal second-person pronoun meaning "You", used for younger persons, familiar acquaintances, or individuals of lower social status.

Áp

The most polite and formal second-person pronoun meaning "You" (singular or plural), also used in highly formal speech as a third-person honorific pronoun meaning "he" or "she".

Ye / Wo

Urdu third-person pronouns that can be singular or plural, meaning "he", "she", "it", or "they".

Húñ

The first-person singular conjugational form of the verb Honá, used with "Maiñ" to mean "am".

Hai

The singular conjugational form of the verb Honá, meaning "is" or "are", used with the pronouns Tú, Ye, and Wo.

Ho

The second-person informal conjugational form of the verb Honá, meaning "are", used with the pronoun "Tum".

Haiñ

The plural or respectful conjugational form of the verb Honá, meaning "are", used with Ham, Áp, and plural or respectful Ye/Wo.

Nahíñ

The negative particle in Urdu meaning either "no" or "not", which can replace the verb or be positioned before or after it for emphasis.

Amríkí

Urdu word meaning "American".

Xúb-súrat

Urdu adjective meaning "beautiful".

Aććhá

Urdu adjective meaning "good".

Hindustání

Urdu word meaning "Indian".

Tálib-e-ilm

Urdu noun meaning "student".

Mash’húr

Urdu adjective meaning "famous".

Bahot

Urdu adverb meaning "very".

Ek

Urdu word meaning "one" or "a".

Japání

Urdu word meaning "Japanese".

Ísaí

Urdu word meaning "Christian".

Yahúdí

Urdu word meaning "Jewish".

Musalmán

Urdu word meaning "Muslim".

Aur

Urdu conjunction meaning "and".

Bhí

Urdu particle meaning "also" or "too".