Comparison of Approaches

Which approach assumes biological determinism?

Biological

Which approach assumes environmental determinism?

Behaviourist

Which approach assumes psychic determinism?

Psychodynamic

Which approaches assume soft determinism?

SLT and cognitive

Which approach assumes free will?

Humanistic

Which approach is nature-focused?

Biological

Which approaches are nurture-focused?

Behaviourist and SLT (humanistic is mostly nurture)

Is the psychodynamic approach nature or nurture?

Mostly nature - shaped by childhood experience

Which approach is interactionist?

Cognitive

What type of reductionism does the biological approach show?

Biological reductionism

What type of reductionism does behaviourism show?

Environmental reductionism

What type of reductionism does the cognitive approach show?

Machine reductionism

Which approach is holistic?

Humanistic

Which approaches are nomothetic?

Biological - behaviourist - SLT

Which approach is idiographic?

Humanistic

Which approaches use both nomothetic and idiographic methods?

Cognitive and psychodynamic

Which approaches are scientific?

Biological and behaviourist and mostly SLT and cognitive

Which approaches are not scientific?

Psychodynamic and humanistic

What does a comparison PEEL begin with?

A key similarity or difference linked to a debate

What should every comparison paragraph include?

Both approaches

What should a comparison Link explain?

Why the difference matters

How do comparison AO3 paragraphs differ from normal ones?

They compare positions on debates rather than evaluating one approach

How are the 16 marks split in an approaches essay?

AO1: 6 marks - AO3: 10 marks

What do you outline for outline one approach and compare it with another?

Only the named approach

What do you outline for compare and contrast two approaches?

Both approaches briefly

How many comparison PEEL paragraphs are needed?

Three

What is a good comparison point for psychodynamic versus humanistic?

Determinism versus free will

What is a good comparison point for biological versus behaviourist?

Both are deterministic but the causes are biological versus environmental

What implication do both deterministic approaches share?

Reduced personal responsibility which is relevant to the legal system

What does RIA stand for?

Research - Issues and debates - Application or alternative

What does PEEL stand for?

Point - Evidence - Explain - Link

Why must AO3 apply to the approach and not just one study?

Marks reward evaluation of the approach's overall valu