Carroll University PSY221 Lifespan Development - Middle Childhood (Chapters 9 & 10) Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts, developmental stages, disorders, and cognitive processes from Middle Childhood (Chapters 9 & 10) in Lifespan Development.

Acute Medical Conditions

A medical condition or category considered to be short-term, lasting a few days to a few weeks, and common in childhood.

Inductive Reasoning

A type of reasoning that involves making specific observations about a class (people, events, etc.) and drawing conclusions about the class as a whole, moving from specific observations to general conclusions.

Componential Element

The analytic aspect of intelligence according to Sternberg’s theory that determines how efficiently people process information.

Internalizing Behaviors

Behaviors in response to family conflict that include anxiety, fearfulness, and depression (anger turned inward).

Categorization

The ability to categorize objects using a series of relatively sophisticated abilities.

Selective Attention

The ability to deliberately direct one’s attention and shut out distractions.

Hostile Aggression

A type of aggression that is intended to hurt another person.

Deductive Reasoning

A type of reasoning that starts with a general assumption about a class and applies it to particular members of the class, moving from general assumptions to specific conclusions.

Chronic Medical Conditions

A medical condition or category of physical, behavioral, or emotional ailments that persist for 3 months or more.

Divergent Thinking

A type of thinking that involves coming up with a wide array of fresh, diverse possibilities.

Self-Efficacy

An individual’s belief in their own ability to successfully perform specific tasks and achieve particular goals.

Metacognition

Thinking about thinking, or awareness of one’s own mental process (knowing how you think).

Microaggressions

Derogatory comments and/or gestures made against those with a historically marginalized identity (or who are seen as weaker than the person making the comments).

Creativity

The ability to see situations in a new way, produce new innovations, and see new solutions to old problems.

Industry

A term from Erikson’s 4th stage of development referring to a person’s drive for productivity, hard work, and skill mastery.

Bullying

Aggression that is deliberately and persistently directed against a particular target, a victim.

Experiential Element

The insightful or creative aspect of intelligence according to Sternberg’s theory that determines how people approach new or familiar tasks.

Self-regulation

A concept that refers to the effortful control of emotions, attention, and behaviors.

Working Memory

A type of memory that involves the short-term storage of information that is being actively processed.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

A disorder defined as a pattern of defiance, disobedience, and hostility toward adult authority figures lasting at least 6 months.

Convergent Thinking

A type of thinking that aims to find the one right answer to a problem.

Metamemory

The knowledge and understanding of the processes of memory.

Contextual Element

The practical aspect of intelligence according to Sternberg’s theory that helps people deal with their environment.

Externalizing Behaviors

Behaviors in response to family conflict that include aggression, fighting, disobedience, and hostility (anger turned outward).

Social Phobia

A condition involving extreme fear and/or avoidance of social situations.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder characterized by repetitive, intrusive thoughts, images, or impulses, often leading to compulsive ritual behaviors.

Inferiority

A term from Erikson’s 4th stage of development that occurs when a person experiences repeated failure and harsh criticism, leading to feelings of inadequacy, self-doubt, low self-esteem, and feeling that they do not measure up.

Coregulation

The stage that includes parental oversight as well as the child’s moment-to-moment self-regulation.

Mnemonic Strategies

Strategies used to aid memory, such as external memory aids, rehearsal, organization, and elaboration.

Resilient

Children who weather adverse circumstances, function well despite challenges or threats, and bounce back from traumatic events.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A disorder defined as having anxiety not focused on any single thing, where the person has anxiety about everything.