5th Grade Mathematics Vocabulary

Vocabulary practice flashcards created from 5th grade mathematics lecture notes covering data analysis, operations, decimals, fractions, measurement, geometry, and algebraic expressions.

Line Plot

A display that shows the frequency of data along a number line using symbols such as $x$.

Stem-and-Leaf Plot

A visual display where data values are split into a stem (the leading digits) and a leaf (the trailing digit).

Mean

The fair share or average of a data set.

Median

The middle value of a data set when listed in ranked order.

Mode

The value or values that occur most frequently in a data set.

Range

The spread of a set of data, calculated as the greatest value minus the least value.

Prime Number

A number that has exactly $2$ different factors: $1$ and itself.

Composite Number

A number that has factors other than $1$ and itself.

Sum

The total or result obtained from addition.

Difference

The result obtained from subtraction.

Product

The result obtained from multiplication.

Quotient

The result obtained from division.

Expression

A mathematical representation of a quantity without an equal sign, such as $12.8$, $14 \times 351$, or $45 \times 8$.

Equation

A mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign ($=$) to show that two expressions are equal.

Factor

The numbers that are multiplied together to equal a product.

Divisor

The number that is dividing another number in a division problem.

Dividend

The number being divided in a division problem.

Remainder

The amount left over when a number cannot be equally divided into another.

Decimal Place Value Position

The position of a digit relative to the decimal point, including ones, tenths, hundredths, and thousandths.

Mixed Number

A number formed by a whole number and a fraction combined.

Equivalent

Having the same value or amount.

Sample Space

The set of all possible outcomes of an event, which can be represented using a tree diagram.

Numerator

The top number in a fraction that indicates the number of equal parts being considered.

Denominator

The bottom number in a fraction that indicates the total number of equal parts in the whole.

Proper Fraction

A fraction less than one, in which the numerator is less than the denominator.

Improper Fraction

A fraction greater than or equal to one, in which the numerator is equal to or greater than the denominator.

Least Common Multiple

The smallest multiple shared by two or more numbers (LCM).

Greatest Common Factor

The largest factor shared by two or more numbers (GCF).

Area

The number of square units needed to cover a surface or plane figure ($l \times w$).

Perimeter

The measure of the distance or path around any plane figure in linear units.

Volume

The measure of capacity of a 3-D figure measured in cubic units ($l \times w \times h$).

Acute Angle

An angle measuring less than $90^\times$.

Obtuse Angle

An angle measuring greater than $90^\times$.

Right Angle

An angle measuring exactly $90^\times$.

Straight Angle

An angle measuring exactly $180^\times$.

Acute Triangle

A triangle in which all three angles measure less than $90^\times$.

Obtuse Triangle

A triangle in which one angle measures greater than $90^\times$.

Right Triangle

A triangle in which one angle measures exactly $90^\times$.

Equilateral Triangle

A triangle where all three sides are equal in length.

Scalene Triangle

A triangle where all three sides are of different lengths (not equal).

Isosceles Triangle

A triangle where exactly $2$ sides are equal in length.

Variable Expression

An expression that contains numbers, operations, and one or more variables.