Chapter 5 social work

OSFED

does not fit under anorexia or bulumia

better to diagnose someone than to not because

what if the client hurts themself

criticisms of the DSM

• cultural relativism (behavior categorization)

  • People have own norms and can taint your perception of clients manifestation of mental health 

• the need for labels to provide services

  • Insurance wont pay unless you have a diagnosis 

• stigma and potential for self fufling negative behvaior

  • Its my adhd (as exuse) 

• societal abuse discrimination (employment, etc) due to labels

3 steps to becoming labled as mentally ill

• A - The person displayes unwated emotions or some strange or deviant behaviors 

• B - The emotions or behaviros are not tolerated by daily or local community, and as a result, the person is referred for an evelautaion to the mental health professional 

• C - The mental health professional, ussually a psychiatrist, happens to believe in the medical mdoel and assigns a mental ilness lable

medical model

person’s mind is affected by some generally unknown internal condition. That condition,  might be due to (many things) but causes emotional fixations and prevent future psychological growth.

• distinguishes sane from insane, no cure, a excuse for taking responsibility

Factors of medical model

• Came from saying we need to lock up crazy people 

• we need to help them

• therapeutic options are good

• Most evidence for this theory comes from genetics > studies of twins

Interaction model

mental ilness is a myth

• szasz’s - problems with how you life, you need to adjust your life

• cognitive elements - you can reframe your thinking by talking to someone

Factors of Interaction model

• the medical model is poo and has adverse affects

• mental ilness implies desies of the mind

Thomas Szasz 1950

• thinks mental ilness is a myth

• mental ilness comes from everyday social interactions and labeling

3 types of emotional/behavioral disorders

• personal abilities

  • mental but not disease

• antisocial acts

  • homisides or social deviations

    • not mental or a diseas

• deterioration of the brain with associated personality changes

  • personality changes

    • desies of the brain

2 main reaosns people are mentally ill

• intense unwated emotion

• may be engaged in dysfunctional (deviant) behavior

3 steps to being labled mentally ill

• Person displays unwated emotions or some strange or deviant behaviors 

• Emotions or behaviors are not tolerated by family or community so the person is referred to someone 

• The mental health professional thinks something is wrong

Bad things of of lables

• Excuse for not taking responsibility 

• Can lose legal rights 

• May wait for someone to fix things (find cure)

Definition of looking glass

our self concept is based off how others perceive us

Definition of schizophrenia

psychotic condition characterized by disturbances of language and communication, thought, perception, affect, and behavior and lasting longer than 6 months.

• Impacts women in 20s and 30s 

• Men in late teens and early 20s

• Social withdrawal is a secondary consequence 

• Rather just not be around people 

  • Then basic human functions are harder - bathing, brushing teeth cuz not around other people 

• Often a stressful preciptitating event

Definition of mental ilness acording to scheff

process which occurs within the individual: the unfolding and development of disease

factors of Sheff’s definition of “mental ilnees”

• Sociological is used rather than medical 

• Symptions of mental iless are violotaions of social norms

• Mental illness is only used for those with a professional diagnosis 

• Reasons for mental disorders are unknown even though there has been lots of research 

• He thinks the reasons are more outside (not inside a person) - social processes – aka interactions with others

Scheff guy

• People who are labled mentally il are given sympathy for acting mentally ill 

• Mentally ill people can be punished for trying to return to normal society and seen as still insane 

• ***the labeling is the single most important determinant of chronic mental illness***

Better to diagnose someone than note because of 2 reasons

• it will minimally damage ones status and reptution 

• Unless the liness is treateted, it will become progesively worse

If you don’t want to diagnose people then we need to do this

• Keep them in their community 

• Send them to a mental hospital 

• Increase public education about mental health

Reasons why we have more homeless people

• defunding of state hospitals

• cutbacks for federal resources

• ignoring people

When did lack of treatment become a civil rights violation

1964 with the hospitalization of the mentally ill act

maintaining health care (HMO)

the most “cost effective” delivery of care

• there are gatekeepers

2 major functions of HMOs

• they establish rules/procedures

• employ gatekeepers to review and authorize services

Definition of self pay system

clients pay out of pocket for services at a reduced rate, thereby avoiding restrictions of managed care programs.

When was obama care made?

2010

history of mental ilness

• colonial - withes

• 18th century - bloodletting

• prior to 19th century - almshouses

• 19th century mental health institution

• 20th century - prefrontal lobotomies

19th century approach

• you have emotional problems not and illness

• humanitarian

From the 1900s to the 1920s whos theories were popular?

Freud

• emotional problems are mental ilness that stem from

  • early trauma

  • internal psychological conflicts

  • fixations at certain ages

  • unconsiounss psychological process

When did people start to not like freud?

1950s

The 2 major developments for those with mental health in the past 60 years

• psychoative drugs

• deinstitutionalization

We don’t send people to the hospital as much because there is now?

halfway houses

What did the community mental health centers act of 1963 do?

• gave more community care

• made people get more diagnosis early, get treatment, then return to the commnunity

• centers are more accesible location wise now

• 5 provisions of comprehensive care

What are the 5 provisions of comprehensive care?

• impatinet care

• outpaitent care

• partical hospitalizations

• emergency care

• consultations and education

Definition of trauma informed care

recognizing how a client’s traumas impacts their work with the social worker 

2 types of ways we treat people with emotional and behavioral problems

• psychotherapy

• clinical counseling

A trained social worker can do/knows what 2 things?

• interviwwing principles

• comprehensive and specific treatement approaches

What are the 3 phases in working with a client?

• building a relationship

• exploring problems in depth

• exploring alternative solutions

Definition of empathy

capacity to show that you are aware of and can to some extent feel what the client is feeling. 

Definition of sympathy

sharing of feelings, but it has the connotation of pity. 

If the social worker does not let the client have self determination 2 things can happen

• the client may blame the social woker if the solution was bad

• if the solution was good the client may cling to the social worker

If a client misses a dealine what should you say?

Do you still wish to try to fuful your commitment? - instead of why did you not do it

comprehensive counseling approaches follow what theories

• personality theory - how normal psychosocial development occurs

• behavioral pathology - how emotional/behavioral problems arise

• theory - how to change unwated emotions/dysfunctional behaviros

What 2 people made cognitive therapy

• albert ellis

• aaron beck

What is cognitive theory?

You become skilful in rational analyzing self talk so you can control or get rid of your underseriable emotions/dysfunctional behavior

5 ways to challenge unwated emotions

3 constructive

• getting involved in a meaningful activity

• changing the negative and irational thinking underlying the unwated emotion (rational self analysis)

• changing the distressing event

2 destructive

• abuse of alcohol, drugs, food

• self harm

definition of teletherapy

process of providing counseling or support via the telephone or computer

• therapeutic treatment, esp. of bodily, emotional, or behavioral disorders; typically a synonym for psychotherapy

definition of counseling

professional guidance of individuals, families, or groups to assist them in coping with life challenges through such techniques as problem solving, identifying alternatives, articulating goals, and providing needed information

• routine maintenance

• and no DSM 5

definition of therapy

therapeutic treatment, especially of bodily, emotional, or behavioral disorders (aka psychotherapy)

• restorative

• restructuring the personality or self

Social workers tackle what 2 main things with their clients?

• changing unwated emotions

• changing dysfunctional behaviors

What causes unwated emotions and dysfunctional behaviors

irational thinking?