HIRCHSPRUNG'S DISEASE

What is Hirschsprung’s disease?

A congenital condition involving the absence of ganglion cells in part of the intestine.

What is another name for Hirschsprung’s disease?

Congenital aganglionic megacolon.

What causes megacolon in Hirschsprung’s disease?

The absence of ganglion cells prevents normal peristalsis, causing stool to accumulate and the colon to enlarge.

What is the characteristic stool appearance in Hirschsprung’s disease?

Ribbon-like, pellet-like, or pencil-like stool.

What bowel movement problem may be present during the first 24–48 hours after birth?

Failure to pass meconium.

What is the confirmatory diagnostic test for Hirschsprung’s disease?

Rectal biopsy showing the absence of ganglion cells.

What does a barium enema help identify in Hirschsprung’s disease?

The location of the affected area and the megacolon.

What surgical procedure is listed for Hirschsprung’s disease?

Swenson pull-through procedure.

What happens during a pull-through procedure?

The affected intestinal segment is removed, and the healthy intestine is connected to the anus.

What is a temporary colostomy?

An opening created in the abdomen to allow stool to exit the body.

What color should a healthy stoma generally be?

Pinkish.

What should the nurse do if the stoma becomes bluish?

Notify the physician because it may indicate poor circulation.

What should the nurse do if the stoma becomes dry?

Notify the physician because it may indicate dehydration.

How does stool consistency vary according to the location of a colostomy?

Right ascending: liquid; transverse: mushy or semi-solid; left descending: solid.

What should be avoided in a patient with a colostomy?

Foods that can obstruct the stoma or cause excessive gas.