lifeguardd

Duty to act

Legal responsibility to respond to emergencies while on duty

Standard of care

Care must match your training and certification

Abandonment

Do not leave a victim after starting care until help takes over

Negligence

Failure to provide proper care or prevent harm

Confidentiality

Only share victim information with emergency personnel

Implied consent

Unconscious victims or minors can receive care without permission

Distressed swimmer

Struggling swimmer making little forward progress

Active drowning victim

Vertical in water with arms pressing down and unable to call for help

Passive drowning victim

Unconscious and motionless in the water

Scanning technique

Move head side to side and scan bottom to top

Emergency Action Plan

Recognize emergency, activate EAP, provide care, call EMS

Scene size-up

Check hazards, number of victims, and put on gloves

Check responsiveness

Shout and tap shoulders or infant’s foot

ABCs

Check airway, breathing, and circulation

Pulse and breathing check

Check for no more than 10 seconds

Adult rescue breathing

1 breath every 5–6 seconds

Child/infant rescue breathing

1 breath every 3 seconds

CPR ratio

30 compressions and 2 breaths

Purpose of compressions

Move blood through the body

Purpose of rescue breaths

Put oxygen into the lungs

Stop CPR when

EMS arrives, scene unsafe, AED analyzes, exhaustion, or victim recovers

Recovery position

Used for breathing victims with a pulse

SAMPLE assessment

Signs, allergies, medications, past history, last intake, events

Conscious choking care

Give care for obstructed airway immediately

Unconscious choking care

30 compressions, check mouth, attempt breaths

Signs of stroke

Weakness, slurred speech, confusion, blurred vision

Heart attack symptoms

Chest pain, sweating, nausea, trouble breathing

RICE

Rest, immobilize, cold, elevate