Matter

Matter

Anything that occupies space and has mass, composed of atoms.

Non-Matter

Entities like energy, light, heat, sound, gravity, magnetic fields, and time that do not occupy space but have mass.

Atom

Basic building blocks of matter, expressed in Angstrom units, with most mass concentrated in the nucleus.

Ions

Charged particles formed by gaining or losing electrons in an atom.

Cation

Positively charged ion resulting from electron loss.

Anion

Negatively charged ion formed by electron gain.

Monatomic ion

Charged atom, either cation or anion.

Polyatomic ion

Group of elements bonded together carrying a charge.

Monatomic Atoms

Independent atoms like noble gases.

Molecules

Chemical bonding of two or more atoms.

Diatomic molecule

Molecule composed of two bonded atoms.

Polyatomic molecule

Molecule with three or more bonded atoms.