Volatility and Solubility of Alcohols.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIcHUv_gbmA

Why do alcohols have a higher boiling point than the alkane with the same number of carbon atoms

Alkanes are non polar molecules , lack of polarity means only london forces act between alkane molecules

London forces are weak and do not take alot of energy to break, so alkanes have low bp

Alcohols are polar molecules due to alcohol functional group, oxygen has slight neg charge, hydrogen has slight pos charge, so alcohol molecules can form both london forces , and hydrogen bonds to each other

What is volatility

Volatility of a molecule tells us how readily a molecule turns to a gas, because alcohols have higher bp than alkanes, alcohols are less volatile than alkanes with same number of carbon atoms

Why are alcohols highly soluble in water

The alcohol functional group can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules

As we increase length of carbon chain, they are less soluble in water, this is because the non polar carbon chain cannot form hydrogen bonds, so as we increase chain of carbon chain, the greater part of the molecule is unable to hydrogen bond to water molecules.

Why are alkanes insoluble

They are non polar, so cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.