Art Lecture Notes Flashcards

Flashcards generated from art lecture notes, covering elements and principles of art, styles, criticism, sculpting, and more.

What is a line in art?

A continuous mark made by a moving point.

What are the two types of shapes?

Geometric and Organic.

Name examples of Geometric shapes:

Square, circle, triangle, rectangle

Name examples of Organic shapes:

Leaf, free-flowing

What are the two types of forms?

Geometric and Organic.

Name examples of Geometric forms:

Cubes, spheres, cones, pyramids

Name examples of Organic forms:

Trees, clouds, humans

What are the three properties of a color?

Hue, Value, Intensity

Define Value:

lightness and darkness of a color or value scale

What is negative space?

the area that surrounds or encloses the subject

What is positive space?

The subject matter itself

What is Balance?

Way elements of art are arranged to create a sense of stability and equal visual weight; symmetrical, radial, asymmetrical

Define Contrast

a difference in the use of two elements (rough & smooth; light & dark)

What is Emphasis in art?

sense of importance given to any one part of the composition, or focal area of a work

Define Movement in art:

way elements of art direct a viewer’s eye through a work, often to a focal area.

What is Pattern in art?

repetition of one or more elements

Define Proportion in art:

how parts of an art work relate to each other in size or scale

What is Rhythm?

sense of movement in a composition created by the repetition of an element

What is Unity?

quality of wholeness achieved when separate elements work together

What is a Still Life?

arrangement of objects that cannot move on their own

What is a Portrait?

image of a person or group of people

Define Landscape in Art Terms:

image of land and natural objects

What is Realistic art?

subject matter that looks real; representational

What is Abstract art?

identifiable subject matter with simplified or rearranged visual elements

What is Non-Objective art?

no recognizable subject matter

What are the four stages of art criticism?

description, analysis, interpretation, and evaluation

Define Description in Art Criticism:

listing of facts in an art work, such as objects, people, shapes, & color

Define Analysis in Art Criticism:

examination of relationships among the elements of art and facts in an art work often using the principles of design

What is an aesthetic?

personal or cultural sense of beauty, i.e., qualities that make something pleasing to look at, listen to, touch, smell, or taste

What is etiquette?

code of verbal and behavioral expectations in society or in a specific setting such as during a critique, in a classroom, museum, or gallery

Additive Sculpting Method

material is added together or built up (Modeling & Assembling are additive)

What is a Subtractive Sculpting Method?

material is taken away or removed (Carving is subtractive)

Define Carving (Sculpting Technique)

material is cut, carved or chipped away (wood, stone)

Define Casting (Sculpting Technique)

liquid material is poured into mold (water, clay slip, bronze, gold, iron)

Define Modeling (Sculpting Technique)

soft or workable material is shaped (clay)

Define Assembling (Sculpting Technique)

different kinds of materials are joined together (paper, wood, plastic, wire, string)

What is Greenware?

clay is NOT fired in kiln yet

What is Bisqueware?

clay is fired once in kiln

What is Glazeware?

glaze applied to bisqueware and fired in kiln a second time

What is Plastic clay?

high water content, most bendable

What is Leatherhard clay?

less water, but still workable

What is Bone Dry clay?

completely air dried, very brittle

What is a kiln?

maintains a constant heat high enough to cause a chemical change to take place. Clay is then ceramic.

Define Appliqué as it relates to processes of clay.

attaches separate piece of clay

Define Incising

carving into clay

Define Piercing

cutting through clay

Define Impressing

stamping or pressing into clay

Define Burnishing

rubbing clay with smooth object

Define Sgraffito

decorating technique where a layer of colored slip applied on the surface of clay is scratched through to reveal the clay color underneath

Hue

name of a color (red, blue, etc.)

What is Intensity in Color Theory?

brightness or dullness of a color; hue + its complement (lowers intensity)

What is Value in Color Theory?

lightness or darkness of a color; tint=white+color shade=black+color

Primary Colors

cannot be mixed; red, blue, & yellow

Secondary Colors

primary+primary; green, violet, orange

What are intermediate colors?

primary+secondary red-orange, blue-green, yellow-orange, etc.

complementary colors

colors across or opposite on color wheel; creates contrast if side-by-side; lowers intensity if hue is mixed with a little of its complement; can make a gray or brownish color if more is mixed

Analogous Colors

3-5 colors next to each other on color wheel

What are Cool Colors?

blues, greens, violets

What are Warm Colors?

reds, oranges, yellows

Examples of Neutral Colors

blacks, whites and grays

What is Medium?

a single material an artist may use

What is Mixed Media?

any work of art that uses more than one medium

Define Relief (sculpture)

sculptures that project from a flat surface

Define Low Relief (sculpture)

only slight projection from sculpture’s flat surface

Define High Relief (sculpture)

projects greatly from the sculpture’s flat surface

Define In-the-Round (sculpture)

sculpture viewed from all sides

What is an Armature?

the supporting structure under a sculpture

What is Kinetic Sculpture?

any sculpture that moves because of wind, cranks or motors.

What is a Portfolio?

holds and displays an artist’s best work OR an assessment tool that shows a student’s progress over time

What is a Sketchbook/Journal used for?

records research and development of ideas which visually think and problem solve challenges in the creative process

What is a Thumbnail Sketch?

small, quick sketches that capture possible sculpture ideas

Define craftsmanship:

the quality of neatness and attention to detail

Define creativity:

a personal inventiveness regarding the production of a work of art

What is Presentation in art?

the display of an art work based on thoughtful consideration of how an artwork will be viewed. This may include the creation of a base or pedestal, placement, lighting, framing or hanging

architect

designs and directs construction of buildings and environmental areas.

graphic designer

work with printed words and images to create visual presentations that attract attention, convey ideas, and sell products.

What does an art therapist do?

use art to help people with emotional and physical problems.

What is a copyright?

the legal right of creative artists or publishers to control the use and reproduction of an original idea and work

Define Appropriation:

the use of borrowed elements in the creation of a new work

Define Plagiarism:

copying another person's idea or work, claiming it as original and/or not crediting the source

Egyptian Art was mainly made for……

practical use, for communication, or for religious purposes

What did Greek Artists focus on?

the human body

What does Renaissance mean?

rebirth” of Classical Idealism

Alexander Calder

invented mobiles and stabiles that used abstract and non-objective shapes and forms

George Segal

artist within the Pop Art movement who used plaster gauze strips to sculpt life-size human figure in everyday situations