UP Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe

Vocabulary flashcards covering the growth of federal power, key events, and foreign policies under Presidents Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe.

Which constitutional philosophy holds that the government can only exercise powers specifically listed in the Constitution?

Strict Construction

Which constitutional philosophy allows the federal government to use implied powers for necessary actions?

Loose Construction

Which constitutional clause gives Congress the authority to pass laws deemed necessary and proper?

Elastic Clause

Which president favored strict construction but expanded federal power through a major land deal?

Thomas Jefferson

Which major agreement with France doubled the geographic size of the United States?

Louisiana Purchase

What government-funded expedition was commissioned to map western territory and locate a route to the Pacific Ocean?

Lewis and Clark Expedition

What official stance did the United States adopt regarding the war between Britain and France?

Neutrality

What British practice involved seizing American ships and forcing sailors into military service?

Impressment

Which law banned American foreign trade to pressure Britain and France economically?

Embargo Act

What term describes a government-ordered restriction or ban on trade with other nations?

Embargo

Which president expanded federal power to manage national defense during the War of 1812?

James Madison

What term describes a nation's independent authority to govern itself without foreign interference?

Sovereignty

Which conflict was caused by British trade interference, impressment, and support for Native American resistance?

War of 1812

What military challenge required the U.S. to fight along the Canadian border, the Atlantic Coast, and the American South?

Three-Front Problem

Which fort successfully defended Baltimore harbor during the War of 1812?

Fort McHenry

Which major battle near the end of the War of 1812 resulted in a major victory for U.S. forces?

Battle of New Orleans

Which general commanded U.S. troops to victory at the Battle of New Orleans?

General Andrew Jackson

Which president promoted a strong central government and established a landmark foreign policy stance regarding the Western Hemisphere?

James Monroe

What period of national political unity followed the War of 1812?

Era of Good Feelings

Which political party declined and dissolved after the War of 1812?

Federalist Party

Which policy declared that European powers should not colonize or interfere in the Americas?

Monroe Doctrine

What term refers to federally funded infrastructure projects like transportation systems designed to connect regions?

Internal Improvements

Why did the Embargo Act fail to achieve its foreign policy goals?

Britain and France traded elsewhere, while American merchants suffered severe economic damage.

What overall pattern regarding federal power occurred across the presidencies of Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe?

Jefferson and Madison expanded federal power to manage national crises despite favoring small government, while Monroe openly championed strong federal authority.