psy 2404 quiz one

Departmentalization

how organizations are divided into units based on functions

Specialization

how work is broken down into tasks

Chain of Command

each level has its own degree and authority

Centralization

the level of decision-making

Span of Control

number of subordinates a manager is responsible for supervising

Formalization

the extent to which there are clear rules, policies, and procedures

United Nations Global Compact

set of policies and recommended procedures for organizations to follow in the conduct of business

Nepotism

preferential treatment of family members

Title VII (Civil Rights Act of 1964)

unlawful employment practices influencing 5 protected groups

Protected Classes (Title VII)

race, gender, religion, color, national origin

Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978

amended Title VII to provide further protection for women on the basis of pregnancy

Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)

Protection for people aged 40 and over

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

law protecting individuals with disabilities requiring reasonable accommodation unless causing undue burden or hardship

4/5ths Rule

80% of selection ratio used by EEOC to determine adverse impact

Affirmative Action Goals

Correct present inequities, compensate past inequities, provide role models, promote diversity

Gratz v. Bollinger

undergraduate affirmative action case where Supreme Court ruled the university's point system was too mechanistic and unconstitutional

Grutter v. Bollinger

Supreme Court case deciding whether the use of race as a factor in student admissions was lawful

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

U.S. federal agency that conducts research and makes recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

regulatory agency within U.S. DOL that assures safe and healthy working conditions

Whistleblower Laws

federal law (1989) that protects those who report activities that violate the law, rules, or regulations

Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

Act of 1993 requiring covered employers to provide job-protected, unpaid leave for qualified family/medical reasons

Child Labor

part of Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) covering exploitative economic activities by person under 15 years of age

Conceptual Criterion

theoretical definition of what constitutes successful job performance

Actual Criteria

empirical measures used in real-world settings to evaluate performance

Criterion Deficiency

Degree to which actual criteria fails to overlap conceptual criteria

Criterion Relevance

Degree to which actual criteria and conceptual criteria coincide

Criterion Contamination

Unrelated to the conceptual criteria comprising Bias and Error

Bias

extent actual criteria consistently measures something else

Error

extent to which actual criteria is related to nothing at all

Work Analysis

Procedure to identify criteria in job performance by documenting work content, worker attributes, work context

Task-Oriented Procedures

Examines work activities and discrete units of work

Functional Job Analysis (FJA)

Classic task-oriented procedure rating work on three dimensions: Things, Data, and People

Worker-Oriented Procedures

Examines human attributes categorized into KSAOs

K (Knowledge)

types of information needed

S (Skills)

proficiencies needed that can be practiced

A (Abilities)

relatively enduring innate proficiencies

O (Other)

personality or capacities

Linkage Analysis

unites task-oriented and worker-oriented information

Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)

Compares job to an existing data base of jobs and examines relationships among a set of jobs

O*NET

U.S. Department of Labor database based on thousands of jobs providing instruments to assess skills and interests

Core Competency

a critically important KSAO

Competency Modeling

array of competencies the organization desires that links employee's personal qualities to company mission

Presenteeism

attending work while sick when it would be advisable to not go to work

Counterproductive Work Behavior

Intentional actions that are harmful for the organization and people associated with the organization

Emotional Labor

Requirement in some jobs to display particular emotions as part of a job

Display Rules

specific behavioral acts that reflect the underlying emotions customers expect

Adaptive Behavior

A range of behaviors that enable employees to increase their capacity to cope with organizational change

Citizenship Behavior

Employee behavior that transcends job performance and is directed at the overall welfare of the organization

Dynamic Performance Criteria

Performance variations over time as employees have different learning curves