personality exam 2

Oral stage (Erogenous Zone)

Mouth, lips, and teeth

Oral stage (Task)

Weaning

Oral stage (Personality Trait)

Dependence or independence

Anal stage (Erogenous Zone)

Anus

Anal stage (Task)

Potty training

Anal stage (Personality Trait)

Self-control

Phallic stage (Erogenous Zone)

Penis/clitoris

Phallic stage (Task)

Identifying with same-sex parent

Phallic stage (Personality Trait)

Gender roles

Latency stage (Erogenous Zone)

None

Latency stage (Task)

Adjusting to societal roles

Genital stage (Erogenous Zone)

Penis/vagina

Genital stage (Task)

To love and to work

Freud's personality diagram levels

Conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels

Location of the id

In the unconscious

Location of the ego and superego

Span the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels

Location of defense mechanisms

In the unconscious part of the ego

Basic anxiety (Horney)

Fear of being abandoned by parents and being helpless and isolated in a potentially hostile world

Basic hostility (Horney)

Resentment and anger toward the parent resulting from unresponsive parenting

Compliant type (Horney)

Moving toward others

Detachment type (Horney)

Moving away from others

Aggressive type (Horney)

Moving against others

Law of effect

The response most closely followed by satisfaction will be most firmly connected to the situation.

Operant conditioning

A behavior is learned because of the result it produces; rewarded behaviors are strengthened and punished ones are weakened.

Positive reinforcement

Give something (+) to increase behavior.

Negative reinforcement

Take something (-) to increase behavior.

Punishment by application

Give something (+) to decrease behavior.

Punishment by withdrawal

Take something (-) to decrease behavior.

Operant extinction

Withhold reinforcement from a behavior.

Memory reconsolidation

Activating a memory and learning something new about it, potentially changing the memory and behavior.

Unconditioned response (UCR)

response that occurs automatically when a certain stimulus is presented

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Stimulus that automatically elicits a response.

Conditioned stimulus

an originally neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a response.

Conditioned response

A learned response that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus.