ENS 303 Exam 3 OIAN

gastrocnemius action

flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint); plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

gastrocnemius origin

medial and lateral condyles

gastrocnemius insertion

calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon

gastrocnemius nerve

tibial

soleus action

plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

soleus origin

soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; posterior aspect of head of fibula

soleus insertion

calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon

soleus nerve

tibial

plantaris action

weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint); weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

plantaris origin

lateral supracondylar line of femur

plantaris insertion

posterior/medial aspect of the calcaneal tuberosity

plantaris nerve

tibial

popliteus action

medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint); flex the knee (T/F joint)

popliteus origin

lateral condyle of the femur

popliteus insertion

proximal, posterior aspect of tibia

popliteus nerves

tibial

peroneal/fibularis longus action

evert the foot; assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

peroneal/fibularis longus origin

head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula

peroneal/fibularis longus insertion

base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

peroneal/fibularis longus nerve

peroneal/fibular

peroneal/fibularis brevis action

evert the foot; assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

peroneal/fibularis brevis origin

distal two-thirds of lateral fibula

peroneal/fibularis brevis insertion

plantar aspect of the base of the fifth metatarsal

peroneal/fibularis brevis nerve

peroneal/fibular

peroneal/fibularis tertius

found anterior to the lateral malleolus on the front of the ankle; actually a short branch of the extensor digitorum longus

peroneal/fibularis tertius insertion

plantar aspect of the base of the fifth metatarsal; same as peroneal/fibularis brevis

tibialis anterior action

invert the foot; dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)

tibialis anterior origin

lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia; and interosseous membrane

tibialis anterior insertion

medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal

tibialis anterior nerve

peroneal/fibular

extensor digitorum longus action

extend the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints); dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint); evert the foot

extensor digitorum longus origin

lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; interosseous membrane

extensor digitorum longus insertion

toes/digits 2-5

extensor digitorum longus nerve

peroneal/fibular

extensor hallucis longus action

extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints); dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint); invert the foot

extensor hallucis longus origin

middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

extensor hallucis longus insertion

first toe/digit

extensor hallucis longus nerve

peroneal/fibular

tibialis posterior action

invert the foot; plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)

tibialis posterior origin

proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane

tibialis posterior insertion

sustentaculum tali; cuboid; 1, 2, 3 cuneiforms; navicular tuberosity; bases of 2-4 metatarsals

tibialis posterior nerve

tibial

flexor digitorum longus action

flex the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints); weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint); invert the foot

flexor digitorum longus origin

middle, posterior surface of tibia

flexor digitorum longus insertion

toes/digits 2-5

flexor digitorum longus nerve

tibial

flexor hallucis longus action

flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints); weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint); invert the foot

flexor hallucis longus origin

middle half of posterior fibula

flexor hallucis longus insertion

first toe/digit

flexor hallucis longus nerve

tibial

extensor digitorum brevis action

extend the second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)

extensor digitorum brevis origin

dorsal surface of calcaneus

extensor digitorum brevis insertion

second through fourth toes via the extensor digitorum longus tendons

extensor digitorum brevis nerve

peroneal/fibular

flexor digitorum brevis action

flex middle phalanges of the second through fifth toes (proximal interphalangeal joints)

flexor digitorum brevis origin

medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

flexor digitorum brevis insertion

toes/digits 2-5

flexor digitorum brevis nerve

tibial

abductor hallucis action

abduct the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint); assist to flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

abductor hallucis origin

medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

abductor hallucis insertion

first toe/digit and medial sesamoid bone

abductor hallucis nerve

tibial

abductor digiti minimi action

flex the fifth toe; assist to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

abductor digiti minimi origin

lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

abductor digiti minimi insertion

fifth toe/digit

abductor digiti minimi nerve

tibial

extensor hallucis brevis action

extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

extensor hallucis brevis origin

dorsal surface of calcaneus

extensor hallucis brevis insertion

first toe/digit

extensor hallucis brevis nerve

peroneal/fibular

flexor hallucis brevis action

flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

flexor hallucis brevis origin

plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

flexor hallucis brevis insertion

first toe/digit

flexor hallucis brevis nerve

tibial

adductor hallucis action

adduct the first toe; assist to maintain transverse arch of foot; assist to flex the first toe

adductor hallucis origin

oblique head - bases of second through fourth metatarsals; transverse head - plantar ligament of third through fifth metatarsophalangeal joints

adductor hallucis insertion

first toe/digit

adductor hallucis nerve

tibial

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

flex the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

base of fifth metatarsal

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

fifth toe/digit

flexor digiti minimi brevis nerve

tibial

quadratus plantae action

assist flexor digitorum longus to flex 2nd-5th toes

quadratus plantae origin

plantar calcaneus

quadratus plantae insertion

toes/digits 2-5 via the FDL tendon

quadratus plantae nerve

tibial

plantar interossei action

adduct 3rd-5th toes (metatarsophalangeal joints); flex 3rd-5th toes (metatarsophalangeal joints)

plantar interossei origin

3-5 metatarsals

plantar interossei insertion

toes/digits 3-5

plantar interossei nerve

tibial

dorsal interossei action

abduct 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joints); flex 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joints)

dorsal interossei origin

all metatarsals

dorsal interossei insertion

toes/digits 2-4

dorsal interossei nerve

tibial

lumbricals of the foot action

flex the proximal phalanges of the 2nd-5th toes at the metatarsophalangeal joints; extend the middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd-5th toes at the interphalangeal joints

lumbricals of the foot origin

tendons of flexor digitorum longus

lumbricals of the foot insertion

toes/digits 2-5

lumbricals of the foot nerve

tibial

rectus femoris action

extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint); flex the hip (coxal joint)

rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)