Recombinant DNA Technology

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology related to recombinant DNA technology and gene analysis.

Recombinant DNA technology

Procedures used to carry out genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering

Deliberate modification of an organism’s genetic information by directly changing the sequence of nucleic acids in its genome.

Cloning

Generation of a large number of genetically identical DNA molecules.

Biotechnology

Use of organisms to form useful products.

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

Technique used to amplify DNA of choice.

Gel electrophoresis

Method to separate DNA, RNA, and protein by size.

Restriction enzymes

Proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences.

Ligation

Process of joining DNA fragments together.

Southern Blotting

Technique developed to detect specific DNA fragments.

Sanger sequencing

Chain-termination method of DNA sequencing using dideoxynucleoside triphosphates (ddNTP).

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

Cheaper, faster method of obtaining sequence information, allowing massively parallel sequencing.

Metagenomics

Study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples.

Transcriptomics

Study of the complete set of RNA transcripts produced by the genome.

Microarray

Technology used to study gene expression by hybridizing RNA samples to DNA spots on a chip.

RNA-Seq

Method for quantifying mRNA levels by sequencing cDNA.