Research Methodology Quiz Review

Flashcards generated from the research methodology multiple-choice review questions.

What statement best defines research methodology?

A systematic approach and overall framework used to conduct a research study.

Which basic question does Chapter 3 of a research study primarily answer?

How will you find the answer?

Which part of Chapter 3 identifies the overall plan connecting research questions with procedures for collecting and analyzing data?

Research design

Which research design is most appropriate to determine the level of student satisfaction with school bookstore services?

Descriptive design

Which research design should be used to investigate whether study time is statistically related to academic performance?

Correlational design

Which research design directly examines the difference in accounting performance between existing groups of students with and without prior bookkeeping experience?

Comparative design

Which research design examines possible explanations for differences among naturally occurring groups without manipulating the independent variable?

Causal-comparative design

Which research design is most appropriate when a teacher introduces a new teaching strategy to one existing class and compares its scores with another class without random assignment?

Quasi-experimental design

What features distinguish a true experimental design?

Manipulation, control, and random assignment

What is the research environment also commonly referred to as?

Research setting or locale

What information is most appropriate in describing a school-based research environment?

Type of school, relevant location, grade levels or strands, and reason for selecting the setting

What is defined as the complete group of individuals, cases, or elements that meets the characteristics defined by the researcher?

Population

If a school has $450$ Grade $11$ ABM students and $210$ are selected to participate in a study, what do the $210$ students represent?

Sample

Which statement correctly describes probability sampling?

Selection is based on a probability mechanism with known selection probabilities.

What is an example of a non-probability sampling technique?

Convenience sampling

If a researcher assigns numbers to all $500$ students and uses a computer random-number generator to select $217$ respondents, what sampling technique is being used?

Simple random sampling

What sampling technique is used when a researcher distributes questionnaires to the first $100$ willing students who are readily available?

Convenience sampling

What sampling technique involves arranging student names in an ordered list, randomly determining a starting point, and selecting every fifth student?

Systematic random sampling

Which sampling technique is used when selecting only Grade $12$ ABM students who currently operate a business and have operated it for at least six months?

Purposive sampling

What is another term for purposive sampling?

Judgmental sampling

Which sampling technique involves dividing students according to ABM, STEM, and HUMSS strands and then randomly selecting respondents from each strand?

Stratified random sampling

A population contains $1{,}000$ students: $300$ ABM, $500$ STEM, and $200$ HUMSS. If the total proportionate sample is $300$ students, how many ABM students should be selected?

$90$ ABM students (calculated as $\frac{300}{1000} \times 300 = 90$)

Which sampling technique is used if a researcher needs exactly $50$ Grade $11$ and $50$ Grade $12$ students, and individuals within the two groups are not randomly selected?

Quota sampling

What sampling technique is illustrated when researchers randomly select five entire sections out of $20$ Grade $11$ sections instead of selecting individual students?

Cluster sampling

Which situation best illustrates snowball sampling?

Asking existing participants to refer other eligible participants

When is snowball sampling particularly useful?

When the target population is hard to reach or difficult to identify.

How does sampling technique correctly differ from sample-size calculation?

Sampling technique determines how participants are selected, while sample-size calculation determines how many are needed.

In survey research, what are individuals who answer the questionnaire commonly called?

Respondents

Which concept concerns whether evidence supports the interpretations and intended uses of scores produced by an instrument?

Validity

What is considered when evaluating the validity of a research instrument?

Relevance and clarity of questions