economic anthropology midterm 2

Limits of Substantivist/Formalist Positions

Karl Marx & Eric Wolf

The Labor Process  - organization of labor in production

Mode of Production

Forces of Production

Means of Production

Relations to the Means of Production  & the Organization of Labor

Ideologies & Cultural Representation

Tributary Mode of Production

Capitalist Mode of Production

Kin-Ordered Mode of Production - Maasai

Tributary Mode of Production - 11th & 12th Century England

Tributary Mode of Production - Asiatic and feudal – a continuum

Capitalist Mode of Production - Logic of reinvestment and accumulation

Capitalist Mode of Production - capital & means of production

Capitalist Mode of Production - commodification of means of production & commodification of labor power

Capitalist Mode of Production - Marxist class analysis

Labor Theory of Value

Marx: Theory of Surplus Value - labor , labor power, and surplus

Polanyi - Fictitious Commodities

Articulation of Modes of Production

Issues with classic Marxism - teleological view of history; utopian; totalizing; complexity of change & class conflict

Feminism & Economic Anthropology - what traditional analyses have missed

Trobriand Islands: matrilineal

Trobriand Yam Transfers

Malinowski’s account of yam transfers

Weiner’s account of yam transfers

political implications for women & men

Trobriand Mortuary Exchanges (sagali) - banana leaf bundles skirts

Cash, Bundles, Yams and male-female relations

Male & Female Interdependence - husbands, wives, brothers, sisters

Jane Guyer - naturalism: male & female economic roles

Root crops vs cereal crops in Africa - widely accepted theory; actual data; Guyer’s alternative distinctions

Yoruba (Idere) vs Beti (Nkometou) farming - crops, gender, agricultural schedules, market

Mobilization of labor - needs, constraints, institutionalization; differences for men and women

Domestic and Public (Political) Domains - implications for value of women’s labor

Guyer: gender, processes, & power - chiefs; calendars

A.V. Chayanov - Russian Peasant Household Economy; drudgery of labor; labor input and consumer/producer ratios over household life cycle

Cotton Production by Turkish small-holders - issues for female labor

Hann & Hart: The Cultural Turn Culturally Ordered Political Economy - contrasts with earlier substantivists; theoretical approach to culture

Paul Bohannan and Tiv Spheres of Exchange

3 spheres of exchange

conveyance & conversion

Money and its impacts according to Tiv elders and Bohannan

Multi-centric and Uni-centric economies

Changes experienced by Tiv in Colonial Era - long distance trade; stability with stop to inter-tribal warfare; bridewealth payments

Tiv power relations - interests, contestion, transformation

Cultural diversity and economy in today’s world

Bovine Mystique - African “cattle complexes”

Lesotho,  South Africa - south African native homelands; links to South African industrial and mining economy

Reserve Army of Labor

Basotho Cattle - One-Way “rule” organizing cattle-money transfers; Dualist Theories; Utilitarian Theories

Uses of cattle for Basotho - material & social

Basotho economy/livelihood - local agricultural production; migrant wage labor

Positions with different interests among Basotho

Structure of Basotho Property Rights - zones of constestation

Strategies in field of Basotho contestations over income and property

Processual approaches to value

Gift & Commodity - a dichotomy; dualism and its problems

Life History (Processual) Approach

Inalienable & Alienable - relation to value, price, identity & hierarchy

Strategies of Giving and Keeping

Cosmological Authentication (Annette Weiner)

New Institutional Economics (NIH)

Garret Hardin: Tragedy of the Commons

NIE: Berkes, Feeny, Acheson - Response to Garret Hardin; Externalities

4 Property Regimes

Communal Property Regimes - Lobster fishing in Maine

Hann & Harts Critiques of NIE