A&P3 WK1 Lecture Quiz

Where is blood pressure highest in blood capillary beds?

Arteriole end

What process increases at the arteriole end of blood capillary beds?

Filtration

During filtration, substances move from where to where?

Blood plasma into interstitial fluid

What is one substance that moves out of the blood during filtration?

Oxygen

At which end of blood capillary beds does reabsorption predominate?

Venule end

During reabsorption, substances move from where to where?

Interstitial fluid into blood plasma

Approximately what percentage of water is not reabsorbed by blood capillaries?

10%

What picks up the water that is not reabsorbed by blood capillaries?

Lymphatic capillaries

What structures does fluid not reabsorbed by blood capillaries enter?

Lymphatic capillaries

What is the fluid called after it enters the lymphatic capillaries?

Lymph

What larger structures does lymph move into?

Lymphatic vessels

Where is lymph filtered and monitored for pathogens?

Lymph nodes

What duct drains lymph on the right side?

Right lymphatic duct

What duct drains lymph on the left side?

Thoracic duct

What system does lymph eventually return to?

Cardiovascular system

What veins receive lymph back into the cardiovascular system?

Subclavian veins

Where are the tonsils located?

Throat, mouth, and nose

Where is the spleen located?

Upper left quadrant of abdomen

Where is the appendix located?

Lower right quadrant of abdomen

Where is red bone marrow located?

Ends of long bones and flat bones

Where are major groups of lymph nodes located?

Axillary, inguinal, and popliteal regions

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Identify and remove pathogens, absorb and transport fats, fluid drainage and movement, help maintain blood volume and blood pressure

When does the fetal period begin?

9 weeks

Around what day do the simple heart tubes begin pumping blood in the embryo?

Day 22

What do lymphatic vessels and veins both have/do?

Have smooth muscle layers, bring fluid back toward the heart, and have valves

Which are primary lymphoid organs?

Red bone marrow and thymus

Which are secondary lymphoid organs?

Spleen, tonsils, and MALT/Peyer’s patches

In an adult, which structure contains low oxygenated blood?

Right ventricle

Blocked lymphatic drainage often leads to what condition?

Lymphedema

Which structures are part of the lymphatic system?

Primary lymphoid tissue, lymph, and secondary lymphoid tissue

What structure oxygenates fetal blood?

Placenta

What structure brings highly oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus?

Umbilical vein

What opening allows blood to flow from the fetal right atrium to the fetal left atrium?

Foramen ovale

What duct allows blood to flow from the fetal pulmonary trunk to the fetal aorta?

Ductus arteriosus

How are the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems physically connected?

Lymphatic ducts empty into veins near the heart.

What do lymphatic capillaries collect?

Excess fluid from tissues.

Where does the right lymphatic duct empty?

Right subclavian vein.

Where does the thoracic duct empty?

Left subclavian vein.

Why does the lymphatic system return fluid to the bloodstream?

To maintain blood volume and blood pressure and prevent swelling.