B1.2.1 - Generalized structure of an amino acid

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4 Terms

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Structure of an Amino Acid

  • There are 20 ‍amino acids used to build proteins

  • Only ‍the R group differs between them, which is bonded to the central carbon


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R Group

  • Variable side chain on an amino acid

  • Gives each one its different properties


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Different Groups Bonded to the Central Carbon

  1. An amine group (-NH₂)

  2. A acid ‌group (-COOH)

  3. A hydrogen atom (H)

  4. A variable ‍side chain, called the R group


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Drawing ‍the Generalised Amino Acid

  1. Start with the alpha ‌carbon in the centre, then attach the four ‍groups around it.

  2. The amino group goes on ‍one side and the carboxyl group on the opposite ‌side.

  3. The hydrogen atom and R group fill the ‌remaining two positions.

  4. Show the R group as "R"‍, not as a specific side chain, ‍unless the question specifies a particular amino acid.


<ol><li><p>Start with the <strong>alpha ‌carbon</strong> in the centre, then attach the four ‍groups around it.</p></li><li><p>The <strong>amino group</strong> goes on ‍one side and the <strong>carboxyl group</strong> on the opposite ‌side.</p></li><li><p>The <strong>hydrogen atom</strong> and <strong>R group</strong> fill the ‌remaining two positions.</p></li><li><p>Show the R group as <strong>"R"‍</strong>, not as a specific side chain, ‍unless the question specifies a particular amino acid.</p></li></ol><p></p>