Health Science Theory - Cardiovascular System
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32 Terms
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart under high pressure
Veins
Carry blood back to the heart under low pressure using valves
Capillaries
Tiny vessels where oxygen, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged with tissues
Pulmonary Circulation
Moves blood between the heart and lungs to add oxygen
Systemic Circulation
Moves oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body
Systole
The phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscles contract, pumping blood out of the chambers.
Diastole
The phase of the cardiac cycle where the heart relaxes and fills with blood
Four primary functions of the cardiovascular system
Moves oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
Distrubutes heat to control body temperature
Fights pathogens and stops bleeding through clotting
Regulates body fluid levels and pH
Which path way is longer: Systemic or Pulmonary Circulation?
Systemic circulation - it transports blood throughout the entire body, pulmonary circulation only travels between the heart and lungs
Upper two chambers of the heart
Auricles
Lower two chambers of the heart
Ventricles
What is 16?
Right Atrium
What is 13?
Right Ventricle
What is 7?
Left Atrium
What is 10?
Left Ventricle
What is 19?
Superior Vena Cava
What is 4?
Aorta
What is 12?
Inferior Vena Cava
What is 6?
Pulmonary Valve
What is 5?
Tricuspid Valve
What is 7?
Mitral /Bicuspid Valve
What is 8?
Aortic Valve
What is 2?
Pulmonary Artery
What is 3?
Pulmonary Veins
What is a normal resting heart rate?
60 - 100 beats per minute
Endocardium?
Inner layer, covers the heart chambers and forms the heart valves
Myocardium?
Middle layer, does the heavy work of contracting
Pericardium?
Outer Layer, pericardium, which is a fluid-filled sac that protects the heart and keeps it from rubbing against other chest organs
Where is the SA (Sinoatrial) Node (Pacemaker)?
In the right atrium
Function of the SA Node
Generates the electrical impulses which start each heartbeat and set your heart rate.
Most arteries carry ________ blood, EXCEPT the ___________
Oxygenated, pulmonary arteries
Most veins carry _______ blood, EXCEPT the ______
Deoxygenated, pulmonary veins