ROTC Military Science Reviewer

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering key terms and concepts across all topics in the ROTC Military Science reviewer text.

Threat to National Security

An intention, declared or indicated, that jeopardizes, prejudices, or in any way endangers the security of the state through the use of force or any means.

Actual Threat

A threat classification where an entity possesses both the declared or indicated intention to endanger national security and an existing force or means to carry out that intention.

Potential Threat

A threat classification where the intention to endanger national security exists, but there is no force or means to carry it out, or the required force is merely a possibility.

Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)

The peaking-oriented element designed to topple the duly established Philippine government and seize state power through violent means.

New People’s Army (NPA)

The military arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) that utilizes guerrilla warfare and urban insurrectional operations.

Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)

A secessionist movement seeking complete withdrawal from the federation to create an independent Bangsamoro in Mindanao, Palawan, Sulu, Basilan, and Tawi-Tawi.

Piloting

A branch of navigation in which the movement of a ship is directed by reference to landmarks, navigational aids, and surroundings.

Dead Reckoning (DR)

A branch of navigation where a ship's position is calculated from the direction and rate of progress through the water from the latest well-determined position.

Celestial Navigation

A branch of navigation where the position of the ship is determined by observing celestial bodies such as the Moon, Sun, planets, and stars.

Prime Meridian

The meridian used as the origin for the measurement of longitude, also called the Greenwich Meridian as it passes through Greenwich, England.

Latitude

The angular distance between a position on Earth and the equator, measured northward or southward.

Longitude

The angular distance between a position on Earth and the prime meridian, measured eastward or westward.

Knot

The unit of velocity measurement in marine navigation, defined as $1$  knot equal to $6,080.2\,\text{feet per hour}$.

Can Buoy

A thin cylindrical buoy built of steel plates used to mark the left side of a channel from seaward.

Nun Buoy

A steel buoy whose above-water portion has the shape of a truncated cone, used to mark the right side of a channel from seaward.

Automatic Radar Plotting Aid (ARPA)

A electronic navigational device that displays the position of a ship and nearby vessels to determine safe courses and prevent collisions.

Echo Sounder

An instrument used to measure the depth of water below a ship's bottom using sound waves.

Semaphore Signaling

A visual communication method using two hand-held flags, providing a faster and more secure alternative to flashing lights during radio silence.

Semaphore Position Chart

A standardized visual communication system using specific flag arm positions to represent letters of the alphabet, numerals, and special indicators.

International Morse Code

The standard dot-and-dash code system used for naval communications transmitted by flashing light or radio telegraph.

Free Net

A radio net organization where individual member stations may transmit without needing prior authorization from the control station.

Directed Net

A radio net organization where stations must obtain proper authorization from the Net Control Station before transmitting.

ROGER

A radio proword signifying that the last transmission was received satisfactorily.

WILCO

A radio proword meaning "I will comply with your instruction".

LIMA CHARLIE

A radio proword phrase used to confirm that a transmission was received loud and clear.

Map

A geographic representation of a portion of the Earth's surface, drawn to scale as seen from above, using colors, symbols, and labels.

Graphic Scale

A ruler printed on a map used to convert map distance directly to ground distance without mathematical computation.

Saddle

A major terrain feature characterized as a deep or low point between two areas of higher ground, usually between two hilltops.

Depression

A major terrain feature defined as a low point or sinkhole, represented on maps by closed contour lines with tick marks pointing towards low ground.

Cut

A supplementary terrain feature resulting from man-made excavation through raised ground to form a level bed for a road or railroad track.

Fill

A supplementary terrain feature resulting from filling a low area with earth to form a level bed for a road or railroad track.

Index Contour Line

A primary elevation contour line on a map that has its specific elevation number written directly within the line.

Lensatic Compass

A tactical navigational instrument equipped with a cover, sighting wire, floating dial, bezel ring, lens, and thumb loop used for determining direction and azimuths.

Military Protractor

A device containing inner degree scales, outer mil scales, coordinate scales, and a base line used for map reading and plotting grid coordinates.

Civil-Military Operations (CMO)

Economic, psychopolitical, and psychosocial activities undertaken by the AFP in coordination with CGAs, LGUs, and NGOs before, during, or after combat operations or disasters.

Military Values Education (MILVED)

An AFP personnel-oriented program focused on learning, internalizing, upholding, and practicing universal truths, moral principles, and military ethics.

Civic Actions (CIVAC)

The utilization of military resources in predominantly non-military projects, such as health, agricultural, and socioeconomic development, in support of combat operations.

Community Relations (COMREL)

An AFP community program involving active participation in people-oriented activities like anti-drug and anti-smut campaigns, static hardware displays, and open houses.

Disaster

A sudden calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community, causing human, material, economic, or environmental losses exceeding its coping capacity.

Republic Act No. 10121

The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, which strengthened the DRRM system and established the NDRRMC framework.

Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (LDRRMO)

A mandated local office established in every province, city, and municipality responsible for DRRM administration, training, research, planning, coordination, and warnings.

Intelligence

Knowledge acquired through intellectual evaluation, analysis, integration, and interpretation of all available information concerning an actual or potential enemy.

Counterintelligence

Active and passive measures taken to safeguard military information, personnel, and materials from espionage, subversion, and sabotage.

Essential Elements of Information (EEIs)

The commander's highest-priority intelligence requirements regarding the enemy and operational environment needed to make decisions with confidence.

Intelligence Cycle

A continuous four-phase cycle consisting of Planning or Direction of the Collection Effort, Collection of Information, Processing of Information, and Dissemination and Use of Intelligence.