HAA-0001 Quiz 3 Terms

Tumulus

An artificial mound of earth and stones built over a grave or burial site

Dromos

A long, narrow entrance passage

Tuff

Soft volcanic rock

Revetment

A thin decorative or protective facing of fine material applied to the surface of a wall made of a less expensive or less attractive material

Velarium

Canvas awning which protected spectators from heat of the sun; common feature of theaters

Oculus

A circular opening at the top of a dome used to admit light

Exedrae

A semicircular or rectangular architectural recess equipped with permanent seating or stone benches

Coffers

Recessed, geoemetrically shaped panels in a ceiling

Four-horse chariot

A two-wheeled cart pulled by four horses harnessed abreast

Pedestal

A shaft-like, raised support or foundation that elevates a statue

Archivolt

A decorative band/molding that frames the curved underside or face of an arch

Keystone

The central, wedge-shaped stone placed at the top of an arch

Voussoirs

A wedge-shaped stone/brick used to construct an arch or a vault

Spandrels

The roughly triangular space bounded by the curve of an arch, a vertical line from its springing, and a horizontal line through its apex

Composite order

Combines features of the Ionic order and the Corinthian order

Fornix

Arch in post and lintel construction

Forum of Trajan

Final and largest imperial forum in ancient Rome

Tesserae

Small pieces of colored stone, marble, or glass used in a mosaic

Veristic

“True”; refers to a hyperrealistic style of portraiture that emphasizes individual characteristics

Encaustic technique

Hot wax painting; wax, resin, and pigment melted and applied to an artwork

Domus

The private, single-family urban residence of the wealthy elite in ancient Rome

Atrium

A large, open-air or skylight-covered central space surrounded by a building

Impluvium

A shallow square or rectangular basin set into the floor of the central courtyard (atrium)

Cubicula

A private, multi-functional room in a domus

Tablinum

The main reception room or office in a domus

Peristyle

A continuous, columned porch or colonnade that surrounds a building or a central open courtyard

Cardo

The primary north-south oriented street that served as the structural spine of an ancient Roman city

Decumanus

An east-west oriented street that served as a foundational axis in ancient Roman town planning

Insulae

An ancient Roman apartment building or a defined city block surrounded by public streets