ANA125 U2: Shoulder and Neck

features of cervical vertebrae

• body

• spinous process

• transverse process

• transverse foramen

• lamina

• pedicle

• superior articulating facet

• inferior articulating facet

features of C1

• transverse process

• posterior arch

• anterior arch

• superior articular facet

atlanto-occipital joint

skull via occipital condyles

atlanto-axial joint

axis via anterior arch/dens

features of C2

• spinous process

• transverse process

• dens

• superior articular process

• inferior articular process

• lamina

attachment of sternomastoid

origin: manubrium of sternum and medial 1/3 of clavicle

insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone

attachment of anterior scalene

origin: transverse processes of C3-C6

insertion: 1st rib

actions permitted by sternomastoid

• unilateral: ipsilateral side flexion of neck and contralateral rotation

• bilateral: flexion of neck

innervation of sternomastoid

accessory N

actions permitted by anterior scalene

• unilateral: ipsilateral side flexion of neck

• bilateral: flexion of neck

innervation of scalenes

cervical N

attachment of middle scalene

origin: transverse processes of C2-7

insertion: 1st rib

actions of middle scalene

unilateral: ipsilateral side flexion of neck

attachments of posterior scalene

origin: transverse processes of C5-7

insertion: 2nd rib

attachments of trapezius

origin: occiput, spinous processes of C7-T12

insertion: spine of scapula, clavicle, and acromion

actions of trapezius

• superior: elevate scapula

• middle: retract scapula

• inferior: depress scapula

• superior and inferior working synergistically: rotates scapula upwards inn

attachments of pectoralis minor

origin: ribs 3-5

insertion: coracoid process

actions of pectoralis minor

• downward rotation of scapula

• protraction of scapula

innervation of pectoralis minor

medial pectoral N

attachment of rhomboids

origin: spinous processes C7-T1 and T2-T5

insertion: vertebral border of scapula

actions of rhomboids

retraction, elevation, and downward rotation of scapula

innervation of rhomboids

dorsal scapular N

attachment of serratus anterior

origin: ribs 1-9

insertion: vertebral border of scapula

actions of serratus anterior

protracts scapula

innervation of serratus anterior

long thoracic N