SCIENCE 9 : DNA & RNA

Genetic material found in the nucleus of cells.

DNA

It controls traits, cell function, and protein production

DNA

Blueprint of life

DNA

Segment of DNA, carries instructions for making proteins.

Gene

Organic molecule, forms the fundamental building blocks of DNA and RNA.

Nitrogenous Base

Purine nitrogenous bases?

Adenine and Guanine

Prymidine nitrogenous bases

Thymine and Cytosine

Discovered that Uracil is more cheaper to produce than Thymine in RNA.

Erwin Chargaff

Who discovered the “Double Helix Model” of DNA

James Watson and Francis Crick

When the “Double Helix Model” of DNA discovered

1953

A ladder-shaped model that is twisted.

Double Helix Shape

Sugar phosphate backbone.

Parts of the Double Helix Model : “Sides”

Nitrogenous Bases

Parts of the Double Helix Model : “Rungs”

2 Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen bonds : “Adenine and Thymine pair”

3 Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen Bonds : “Cytosine and Guanine pair”

Holds and separates DNA strands during replication and transcription.

Hydrogen Bonds

It is when DNA strands run in opposite directions. Essential for DNA replication and protein synthesis.

Antiparallel Nature

Helps convert DNA instructions into proteins.

RNA

Usually single stranded, contains ribose sugar.

RNA

Uses “Uracil” instead of Thymine

RNA

Is where RNA is found other than the nucleus.

Cytoplasm

Units which DNA is composed of.

Nucleotide

Change in the DNA sequence.

Mutation

Complex polymer that carries genetic information

DNA