comptia a+ core 1

Laptop Components

Compact hardware elements specific to laptop models, including batteries, storage, etc.

Replacement Procedures

Different steps for changing laptop parts like batteries and keyboards, requiring manufacturer instructions.

Laptop Battery Matching

Replacement battery must match the model to ensure proper fit, connector, and safe operation.

HDD vs SSD Benefits

Replacing HDD with SSD offers faster access, greater shock resistance, and lower failure risk.

Before Replacing Hardware

Shut down, disconnect power, consult service instructions, and use ESD precautions.

Common Issues after OS Update

Laptop webcam may stop working; check privacy settings, detection, drivers, and hardware.

SO-DIMM

Smaller memory modules suited for laptops.

USB-C

A connector shape that does not guarantee specific protocols or speed.

Bluetooth

Wireless technology that supports short-range peripherals.

Tethering

Sharing a device's network connection with another device.

Mobile Hotspot Usage

Used to share a phone's cellular Internet connection over Wi-Fi.

NFC Applications

Used for tap payments, access credentials, and pairing assistance.

Difference Between Bluetooth and USB

Bluetooth is wireless, while USB is wired and may provide power.

Docking Station Function

Expands device connections including USB and display ports.

Active Stylus vs. Basic Stylus

Active styluses support pressure sensitivity and palm rejection, unlike basic capacitive styluses.

Trackpad Definition

Touch-sensitive surface used to control pointers.

3G, 4G LTE, 5G

Generations of cellular technology.

GPS Function

Receives positioning signals from satellites.

SIM/eSIM Role

Identifies a subscriber for cellular service.

Wi-Fi vs Cellular

Wi-Fi connects to local networks; cellular connects through carriers.

LTE Definition

Long-Term Evolution, a standard associated with 4G networks.

MDM

Mobile Device Management that enforces device policies.

BYOD Meaning

Bring Your Own Device, allowing employees to use personal devices for work.

COPE Definition

Corporate-Owned, Personally Enabled device policy.

Risks of Remote Wipe

May affect personal information if data is not properly separated.

IP Address Purpose

Identifies network endpoints for communication.

TCP Role

Provides reliable ordered delivery with handshake setup of SYN/SYN-ACK/ACK.

UDP Characteristics

Connectionless transport with no built-in reliability.

Encapsulation Definition

Process of wrapping data in networking headers for transmission.

Common Ports for FTP

TCP ports 21 for control and 20 for active-mode data.

SSH Port

TCP port 22.

Telnet Port

TCP port 23.

DNS Role

Resolves domain names to IPs using TCP/UDP port 53.

DHCP Function

Automatically provides IP addresses and network configuration.

VLAN Purpose

Logically separates networks into distinct broadcast domains.

VPN Definition

Virtual Private Network that creates a secure tunnel.

Router Functionality

Connects and forwards packets between different IP networks.

Switch Purpose

Connects devices within a local area network.

Wireless AP Function

Provides wireless connectivity to clients.

Firewalls Role

Filters network traffic based on security policies.

NIC Definition

Network Interface Card connecting a device to a network.

IPv4 Characteristics

32-bit addressing format using dotted decimal notation.

IPv6 Features

128-bit addressing using hexadecimal values.

Static IP Configuration

Manually assigned IP settings, not leased dynamically.

Dynamic IP Configuration

IP address settings received automatically via DHCP.

Cloud Models

Various service models: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, describing infrastructure, platforms, and software.

Cloud Characteristics

Measured services, elastic resources, high availability, and multi-tenancy.

Troubleshooting Methodology

Systematic approach: identify symptoms, test, repair, verify, and document.

Common Display Issues

Black screens, fuzzy images, dead pixels, and refresh problems.

Printer Maintenance

Procedures to ensure optimal printing performance and quality.

Virtual Machine

An isolated virtual environment running on a physical host.

Hypervisor Types

Type 1 runs directly on hardware; Type 2 runs on top of a host OS.

TPM Purpose

Trusted Platform Module, used for secure key storage and operations.

ECC Memory

Error-Correcting Code memory for detecting and correcting data errors.

RAID Types

RAID 0 (striping), RAID 1 (mirroring), RAID 5 (parity), RAID 6 (double parity), RAID 10.

Firmware Functions

BIO/UEFI settings for hardware initialization and boot processes.

Print Head Function

Responsible for applying ink/toner to the paper.

Impact Printers

Use mechanical contact to print on paper.

USB Standards

Include different types (A, B, C) and specify capabilities.

Optical Fiber Characteristics

Transmits data through light, immune to EMI, with different types for distance.