LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING

Habit-formation

The process of language learning characterized by repeated practice of sentence patterns until they become habitual and automatic

Audiolingualism

• based on structural linguistic and behaviorist learning theory

• a method that emphasizes the acquisition of grammatical patterns throughdrills and repetition

Cognitivist

views language learning as an active mental process in which learners construct and organize knowledge rather than merely form habits through repetition

Language Acquisition Device

The innate property of all normal persons that enables them to learn a language naturally ad spontaneously

Strategic Competence

Based on Canale and Swain’s model of communicative competence, the ability of a langauge learner to repair communication breakdown

Suggestopedia

developed by Georgi Lozanov, emphasizes a relaxed learning environment and uses music and positive suggestion to facilitate learning

Bottom-Up Model

Reading model where the emphasis is on the text rather than reader’s background knowledge

Top-down Model

Views language as holistic, cognitive process where thee reader uses their existing knowledge to make sense of the text

Interactive Model

Proposed by David Rumelhart in 1997, both Top-down and Bottom-up happen simultaneously.

Informal Reading Inventory (IRI)

An assessment device in which a student reads a series of selections that gradualy increase in difficulty

Cloze Test

An exercise or assessment where words are removed from a passage of text, and the reader is asked to fill in the blanks

Retelling

A strategy that allows students to tell back what they have read

introspection

a research method where readers think aloud to verbally report their innternal thoughts, stratefies, and mental processes while they are actively reading a text

Capacity reading level

a learner who cannot read yet, but can comrpehend text read aloud to him/her

Marginal Listening

A listener who hears sounds in the background but ignores them

Aural Discrimination

• known as auditory discrimination

• the ability to recognize, compare, and distinguish between distinct and separate sounds

Oral Discrimination

The ability to produce distinct, acurate, and different speech sounds using the speech organs (e.g. very and berry)