Ch4: Books

Pictograph

a prehistoric form of writing made up of paintings on rock or cave walls; 12000 BC

Ideograph

an abstract symbol that stands for an object or an idea

Emojis

small icons that stand for emotions or ideas

Phonography

a system of writing in which symbols stand for spoken sounds rather than for objects or ideas; 2000 BC

Alphabet

letters represent individual sounds; 1700-1500 BC

Papyrus

a primitive form of paper made from the papyrus reed

Parchment

made from the skin of goats or sheep, eventually replaced papyrus

Paper

invented by the Chinese between 250-105 BC, made from cotton rags or wood pulp

Scriptoria

copying rooms

Type mold

enabled printers to make multiple identical copies of a single letter without hand-carving each

Font

all the characters of a typeface in a particular size and style; synonymous with typeface

Bay Psalm Book

The Whole Booke of Psalmes published in 1640

Serial novels

novels published in installments

Dime novels

heroic action stories that generally celebrated democratic ideals

Rotary press

the steam-powered press that could print as many as 16000 sections in one day; 1814

Linotype

typesetting machine, standard until the age of computer composition

Publishers

the companies that buy manuscripts from authors and turn them into books

Trade books

general-interest fiction and nonfiction books that are sold in hardback or large-format paperback editions

University and small presses

issue a limited number of books and may not be in the business for profit

Proofs

a copy of the ready-to-print pages of a book

Inclusive access

schools license all the assigned books electronically from a major publisher and make them available to students at either a discounted rate or no additional charge

Domestic novels

told of women who overcame tremendous problems through their Christian strength, virtue, and faith

Brick-and-mortar

stores that have a physical presence at which you can shop

E-book readers

devices in which you can access e-books on

Pentagon Papers

a top-secret 47-volume report commissioned by the secretary of defense to explain how the US got involved and fought in the Vietnam War

Print on demand

physical book is not printed until it is ordered or until distributer of the book prints additional copies in small batches