Progressive Era Test

What was TR’s background?

Navy officer, police commisioner, New York Governor, and VP

What was TR’s personality?

Energetic, hard-working, outspoken, and loved being president

What happened in 1901 to TR?

At age 42, TR became the youngest president after McKinley was assassinated

What does Progressive mean?

someone who wants to reform government, improve working conditions, and works to improve people’s lives

What is Bully Pulpit?

TR used his power & position to bring positive change for the good of the people

What is the Square Deal?

where TR’s policies & programs to giive all Americans equal opportunity

What are the 3 C’s

Control of corporations, consumer protection, and conservation

What does Control of Corporations mean?

plan to regulate business and settle labor disputes

What does Consumer protection mean?

wanted to make sugar, food, etc. cheaper

What does Conservation mean?

protection of the land & environment

How was TR a Trustbuster?

He wanted to end business that was illegal or hurt the public

What is the Department of Commerce?

government department that investigates business and protects workers

What is the Pure Food + Drug Act?

requires labels, with dates, and ingredient on food and medicine

What is the US Forest service?

gov. agency that over sees use of public land

Who is Booker T. Washington?

civil rights leader and teacher and first African American at the White House

Why did Booker T. Washington go to the White House?

To meet with TR to discuss race relations

What was TR’s foreign policy motto?

“Speak softly and carry a big stick”

What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

U.S. claimed internation police power to protect its territories especially in Latin America

How much did TR offer to build the Panama Canal and for who?

10 million to Colombia

What was the result of TR’s offer to Colombia?

Colombia rejected the offer, and TR supported Panama revolt against Colombia

Why did the U.S. want to build the Panama Canal?

US built canal to connect Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

What happened during the 1908 election?

TR chose to follow tradition and his word and did not run for president

Who was William H. Taft?

TR’s friend who he pushed to run and won easily

What was William H. Taft’s background?

Secretary of war, lawyer, judge

What was William H. Taft’s personality?

calm, cautious, reliable, and hated being president

What happened in 1908 to Taft?

He was reluctant to run but did so out of loyalty to TR

What was the 16th Amendment?

Federal Income Tax

What was the 17th Amendment?

Direct election of Senators

What is the Department of Labor?

government agency that creates laws for worker’s rights and better working conditions

What happened with the Payne-Aldrich Tariff?

Taft promised to make changes to the Tariff, but they were minimal, which angered progressives

What was the Ballinger-Pinchott Affair?

Scandal over land in Alaska involcing Taft’s staff

Who was Richard Ballinger?

Secretary of Interior, who accused of selling land and keeping the money

Who was Gifford Pinchott?

Head of US Forest Service, who complained to Taft about Ballinger

What did Taft do about the Ballinger-Pinchott Affair?

fired Pinchott, which angered Progressives and TR who felt he was too conservative

What did Taft do in the Election of 1912?

unhappy as President, but run out of spite because he was challenged by TR

What did TR do in the Election of 1912?

created the Bull Moose party, a 3rd progressive party, so he could run

Who was Woodrow Wilson?

NJ governor, not very well known

Who was Eugene Debs?

socialist party supported by union workers

What was the result of the Election of 1912?

Wilson won mainly due to the split in the votes between Taft & TR

What was Woodrow Wilson’s background?

NJ Gov, college professor, president of Princeton

What was Woodrow Wilson’s personality?

scholarly, intense, intelligent, stern

What was the Underwood Tariff?

made significant changes to the Tariff since the Civil War

What was the Adamson Act?

established 8 hour workday for railroad workers

What was the Keating-Owen Act?

said no child under 14 could work in factories

What was the Federal Reserve Act?

revised banks for the first time since the Civil War

What were the results of the Federal Reserve Act?

issued paper money, set interest rates, made it easier to get loans

What happens to Woodrow Wilson over WWI?

his focus changes over policies