🌺 5 inheritance

who is mendel and what is his importance? (5.1)

• a monk who used garden pea plants to explain the inheritance of characteristics

  • he examined seven different pea traits, and each trait only had two possible variations (alleles) (seed colour only green or yellow)

what does the principle of dominance entice? (5.1)

• when individuals with different alleles reproduce, the offspring will only express the dominant trait (unless there is none —> ex. pp instead of Pp or PP)

what does the law of segregation entice? (5.1)

• traits are determined by pairs of alleles that segregate during meiosis so that each gamete receives one allele

what is a monohybrid? (5.1)

a cross of two individuals that differ by one trait (ex. plant height)

when do recessive traits appear? (5.1)

when an individual has two alleles for it (ex. pp, aa)

what is a homozygous individual? (5.1)

an individual who has two identical alleles of a gene (ex. AA —> homozygous dominant or aa —> homozygous recessive)

examples of dominant and recessive traits

steps to solve punnett square problems

what is a test cross? (5.2)

crossing an individual with an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive organism