Anatomy Exam #2

A patient complains of localized pain in a swollen lower calf & cannot strongly plantarflex his foot. What tendon may have ruptured?

Calcaneal

The number of phalanx in this 1st digit (Hallux) is:

2

Extension of the digits 2 through 5 of the foot is due to the _______ compartment.

Anterior

Which of the bones of the foot articulate directly with the tibia?

Tarsus

The hallux has:

Proximal & Distal Phalanx

The Ischial Tuberosity can be palpated:

With the thigh flexed

The humerus of the arm articulates with the thorax @ the:

Pectoral Girdle

Which tendon is commonly utilized to repair the anterior cruciate ligament?

Patella Tendon

The inguinal ligament marks the transition to the________.

Femoral Region to the Thigh

The landmark for the beginning of the thigh in the posterior is:

Gluteal Fold

The superior border of the femoral triangle is:

Inguinal Ligament

The lateral border of the femoral triangle is:

Sartorius Muscle

Of the branches of the internal iliac artery, the one existing from the greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis muscle is the:

Superior Gluteal Artery

The anterior compartment of the thigh is known as the ________ compartment.

Extensor

The transition from the abdominopelvic cavity is the inguinal ligament. When the iliac artery transverses the inguinal ligament, it becomes the _____ artery.

Femoral

Hamstring from Lateral to Medial:

Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranous

The muscles making up the “Hamstring” include all EXCEPT:

Quadriceps Femoris

The proximal attachment (origin) of the hamstring is the:

Ischial Tuberosity

The man entered the office an sat down. After sitting down, he crossed his leg. What muscle allowed him to cross his leg?

Sartorius Muscle

The nerve innervating the adductor compartment is:

Obturator Nerve

An elderly patient was found to have a hernial sac in her right triangle. She has marked weakness in adduction @ the right hip joint. Which nerve is likely compressed by this herniation?

Obturator Nerve

During a patellar tendon reflex test, you note appropriate extension of the knee joint. You conclude that the integrity of which nerve structures are intact?

L2-L4 Femoral Nerve

When walking, the action of the iliopsoas muscle results in what motion at the hip joint?

Flexion

An elderly patient complains of difficulty in walking up stairs. Test by the doctor reveal weakness in extension @ their hip, but no change in hip flexion or flexion/extension of the knee. Based upon these results, what muscle is most likely NOT functioning properly?

Gluteal Maximus

The 67 year old female on physical examination was found to have a second digit which was bent downward at the middle joint of the toe. She admitted to wearing tight fitting shoes for most of her life. This deformity is considered with:

Hammer toe deformity

The most lateral of the tarsal bones is called the:

Cuboid

The function of the Extensor Hallucis Brevis is to:

Extend the Great Toe

During weight bearing, which arch of the foot is normally in contact with the ground?

Lateral Longitudinal Arch

The range of inclination of the femur is:

115 to 140 degrees

The patella is a _____ bone.

Sesamoid

There are how many major gluteal muscles?

3

The muscle that transverses the thigh in a diagonal direction and allows one to cross their legs is called the:

Sartorius

What best describes the obturator foramen?

Large oval opening on the ischium

The longest bone in the body is called:

Femur

In the foramen, which bone is located laterally?

Radius

Which superficial vein of the upper limb drains most lateral region?

Cephalic Vein

Which artery is the main supplier of the arm and will divide into the radius & ulnar arteries in the cubital fossa region?

Brachial Artery

Located in both ball & socket joints, which accessory structure of a synovial joint forms a fibrocartilaginous lip on the “socket” portion of the joint?

Labrum

In the lower leg, which bone is located laterally?

Fibula

The team doctor tells a football player that they have “a pulled hamstring” muscle. This results from a tearing of the proximal (origin) of a attachment muscle from the:

Ischial Tuberosity

Weakness in climbing stairs or jumping (powerful extension of hip) may indicate a lesion of which nerve?

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

The short head of the biceps femoris muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Common Fibular Nerve

All of the following are bones of the midfoot EXCEPT:

Calcaneus

The nerve innervating the gluteal maximus:

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

what type of action is NOT typical at the hip joint?

Gliding

Which muscle compartment of the lower limb is primarily responsible for eversion of the foot?

Lateral Compartment of Leg

The leg (calf region) is made up of how many (surgical) compartment?

3

The superior gluteal nerve innervates all the following EXCEPT:

Gluteal Maximus

Which surface of the foot is the deep fascia that is typically thicker?

Plantar

Which arch of the foot is typically the highest and most noticeable?

Medial Longitudinal Arch

The origin of the hamstring is:

Ischial Tuberosity

The nerve that innervates the gluteal minimus and medius is:

Superior Gluteal Nerve

The femoral sheath contains:

Nerves

Arteries

Veins

How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are there?

8

What test is performed to test an anterior cruciate ligament disruption?

Anterior Drawer Test

What test is performed to test a posterior cruciate ligament disruption?

Posterior Drawer Test

Compartment syndrome in the leg is characterized by all EXCEPT:

Palpable Pulses

The number of vertebrae and number of spinal nerve segments are the same on each region EXCEPT:

Cervical

Which of the leg bones bear the weight of the lower extremities?

Tibia

Body weight is transferred to:

Vertebral Column

Which of the following correctly describes an articulation?

Body movement that occurs where 2 bones connect

Interruption of CNXI will paralyze which muscle?

Trapezius

Which is true of the fibula?

Has NO weight bearing functions

The back muscle innervated by the spinal accessory nerve is the:

Trapezius

Flexion of the hip joint while walking is performed by the:

Iliopsoas

Abduction and Flexion of the little toe is made by:

Abductor Digiti Minimi

The hamstring muscle that have their origin at the ischial tuberosity includes all EXCEPT:

Biceps Brachii

The femoral nerve is made up of all the following nerve branches EXCEPT:

S3

All the following muscles are extenders of the knee EXCEPT:

Biceps Femoris

The nerve that innervates the dorsum of the foot is:

Deep Fibular Nerve

The origin of the muscles that Abducts the hip is the:

Ilium

The transverse foramina allows for passages of:

Blood Vessels and Nerves

The sacroiliac (SI) joint is an important landmark because:

The iliac artery and vein transverse the joint

The C1 vertebrae is:

A complete ring structure called the Atlas

The anterior wall of the axilla is made up of:

Pectoralis Major and Minor

The spinal accessory nerve is responsible for innervating that:

Trapezius Muscle

The coxal bone of the pelvis includes all EXCEPT:

Femur

Joints that are classified by their anatomical organization are:

Structural

When the joint is classified as functional, it is based on:

The range of motion of the joint

How many times do the tibia and fibula articulate with each other?

3

Which deep back muscle is involved in the inspiration phase of breathing?

Serratus Posterior Superior

Elevation of the scapula is carried out by all the following EXCEPT:

Serratus Anterior

A spinal cord defect having a pouch with a portion of spinal cord in it is known as:

Myelomeningocele

All synovial joints have the following structures (or spaces) in common, EXCEPT:

Meniscus

The vein commonly utilized as a vessel replacement is called:

Greater Saphenous

Which movement will fail if there is paralysis of the quadricep femoris muscle?

Extension of the Knee

The nerve innervating the hamstring muscle is:

Tibial branch of the sciatic nerve

Femoral Sheath contains all of the following EXCEPT:

Lymphatic

The plantar interosseous muscles of the metatarsals (foot) will allow what motion?

Flexion

The distal border of the popliteal fossa is:

Medial and Lateral head of the gastrocnemius

The adductor compartment of the thigh is located:

Medically

The greater trochantor serves as an attachment point for the:

Gluteal Muscle

The attachments for the inguinal ligament includes:

The anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle

The dorsal interosseous muscles of the metatarsal (foot) will allow what motion?

ABduction

What are the primary functions of the deep fascia in the musculoskeletal anatomy?

All of the Above

The thenar compartment of the hand is associated with which digit?

1st

An inability to flex digits 2 through 5 would indicate a lesion of the nerve in the _____ region.

Plantar

Which of the following best describes Pes Planus?

Flat appearance of the sole of the foot before the age of 3 normally

Regions of the vertebral column from superior to inferior?

Cervical Spine- Thoracic Spine- Lumbar Spine- Coccyx

A patient is unable/inability to extend his knee and reports loss of cutaneous sensation over the anterior surface of this thigh. This may be associated with a lesion or compression of which nerve?

Femoral Nerve