Peds CARDIAC

What is important to do post cardiac catheterization?

lie flat for 6 hours

Increased pulmonary blood flow often leads to what?

CHF patterns

Decreased pulmonary blood flow often leads to what?

cyanosis

Obstructive lesions often causes?

perfusion differences pressure overload

Mixed defects require what?

adequate mixing for oxygen delivery

What does left-to-right shunting mean?

increases pulmonary blood flow, tachypnea/distress, acyanotic

What is a PDA?

aorta and pulmonary artery are connected, left to right shunt, give indomethacin/cath coil

What is ASD?

opening between atria, left to right shunt, right heart volume increases, cath patch over defect

What is VSD?

ventricle opening, left right shunt, workload increases, cath patch to close

What is atrioventricular canal?

incomplete fusion of endocardial cushions, can include ASD/VSD/PDA

What does decreased pulmonary flow mean?

right-to-left shunt, cyanosis

What are the features of tetralogy of fallot?

VSD, pulmonary artery stenosis, overriding aorta, RV hypertrophy

What is TOF?

right-to-left shunt, cyanotic epidoses “spells”

What is Tricuspid Atresia?

tricuspid valve doesn’t develop, no blood flow
we give prostaglandins to keep PDA open until frontane procedure

What is important about obstructive disorders?

BP for all extremities

What is coarctation of aorta?

narrowing of aorta causing higher pressure in upper extremities and lower in lower extremities, balloon dilation

What is aortic stenosis?

aortic valve becomes obstructed, decreased CO, balloon dilation then surgery if needed

What is pulmonary stenosis?

RV outflow obstructed, balloon dilation then angioplasty if needed

What are mixed defects?

oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix

What is transposition of great vessels?

aorta from RV, pulmonary artery from LV, parallel circulation without mixing
help maintain PDA if present then repair with arterial switch operation

What is HLHS?

underdeveloped left side, output is compromised, stabilize for as long as possible until heart transplant

What are the three stages of single ventricle palliation?

1: norwood 1st week
2: glenn 3-8 months
3: fontan 2-4 years

What is acute rheumatic fever?

abnormal immune response that can cause valve damage/carditis, peripherally spreading lesions

What is kawasaki disease?

systemic vasculitis with persistent fever, coronary artery involvement, IVIG and aspirin