Muscles of Deep Back and Neck

Muscles of the Neck

Scalenes Anterior, Scalenes Middle, Scalenes posterior, Sternocleidomastoid, Platysma

Scalenes Anterior Origin

Transverse processes C3-C6

Scalenes Anterior Insertion

first rib

Scalenes Anterior action (Together)

Flex neck and raises first rib during deep inhalation

Scalenes Anterior action (singly)

laterally flex neck to the same side, assist with cervical rotation

Scalenes Anterior Innervation

Cervical Nerves

Scalenes Middle Origin

Transverse processes C2-C7

Scalenes Middle Insertion

first rib

Scalenes Middle action (together)

flex neck and raises first rib during deep inhalation

Scalenes Middle action (single)

laterally flex neck to the same side, assist with cervical rotation

Scalenes Middle innervation

cervical nerves

Scalenes Posterior Origin

transverse processes C4-C6

Scalenes Posterior insertion

2nd rib

Scalenes Posterior action (together)

assist with cervical stabilization and elevate 2nd ribs during deep inhalation

Scalenes Posterior action (singly)

laterally flex neck to the same side, assist with cervical rotation

Scalenes Posterior innervation

cervical nerves

Sternocleidomastoid origin

sternum and clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

mastoid process

Sternocleidomastoid action (together)

flex cervical portion of vertebral column, extend head and elevate sternum during forced inhalation

Sternocleidomastoid action (singly)

laterally flex neck to the same side and rotate neck to opposite side

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

spinal accessory

Platysma origin

Fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major muscles

Platysma insertion

mandible and skin of lower face

Platysma action

depresses mandible, depresses and draws lower lip laterally, draws up skin of chest

Platysma innervation

Facial nerve

Muscles of Deep Back - Erector Spinae Group (ILS)

Iliocostalis, Longissiumus, Spinalis

Muscles of Deep Back - Transversospinalis Group (SMR)

Semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores

Parts of Iliocostalis

Cervicis, Thoracis, Lumborum

Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis origin

Cervicis: superior 6 ribs
Thoracis: Inferior 6 ribs
Lumborum - Iliac Crest

Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis insertion

Cervicis: TP of C4-C6
Thoracis: Superior 6 Ribs
Lumborum: Inferior 6 Ribs

Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis Action (together)

extend and maintain erect posture of spine

Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis action singly

laterally flex vertebral column of respective region

Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis Innervation

spinal nerves

Parts of Longissimus

Capitis, Cervicis, Thoracis

Erector Spinae: Longissiumus origin

Capitis: TP of T1-T4 vertebrae and articular processes of C4-C7
Cervicis: TP of T4-T5
Thoracis: TP of L1-L5

Erector Spinae: Longissiumus insertion

Capitis: Mastoid process of temporal bone
Cervicis: TP of C2-C6
Thoracis : TP of thoracic and lumbar verterbrae, ribs 9 and 10

Erector Spinae: Longissiumus action together

extend vertebral column at respective region

Erector Spinae: Longissiumus action singly

laterally flex vertebral column of respective region

Erector Spinae: Longissiumus innervation

spinal nerves

Erector Spinae: Spinalis muscles

Capitis, Cervicis, Thoracis

Erector Spinae: Spinalis origin

Capitis: Arisies with semispinalis capitis
Cervicis: Ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7
Thoracis: Spinous processes of superior lumbar and inferior thoracic vertebrae

Erector Spinae: Spinalis insertion

Capitis: Occipital bone
Cervicis: Spinous Process of axis
Thoracis: Spinous processes of superior thoracic vertebrae

Erector Spinae: Spinalis action together

extend vertebral column at respective regions

Erector Spinae: Spinalis innervation

spinal nerves

Transversospinalis: Semispinalis muscles

Capitis, Cervicis, Thoracis

Transversospinalis: Semispinalis origin

Capitis: TP of C7 and T1-T7 and AP of C4-C6
Cervicis: TP of T1-T6
Thoracis: TP of T6-T10

Transversospinalis: Semispinalis insertion

Capitis: occipital bone
Cervicis: Spinous processes of C2-C5

Thoracis: Spinous Processes of C6-C7 and T1-T4

Transversospinalis: Semispinalis action together

extend vertebral column at respective region

Transversospinalis: Semispinalis singly

assist with contralateral rotation of head and vertebral column

Transversospinalis: Semispinalis innervation

spinal nerves

Transversospinalis: Multifidus origin

sacrum, ilium, transverse processes of lumbar, thoracic and C4-C7

Transversospinalis: Multifidus insertion

Spinous processes of a more superior vertebra

Transversospinalis: Multifidus action together

extend vertebral column

Transversospinalis: Multifidus singly

assist with lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of vertebral column

Transversospinalis: Multifidus innervation

spinal nerves

Transversospinalis: Rotatores origin

transverse processes of all vertebrae

Transversospinalis: Rotatores insertion

spinous process of vertebra superior to the one of the origin

Transversospinalis: Rotatores action together

extend vertebral column

Transversospinalis: Rotatores action singly

rotate vertebral column to the opposite side

Transversospinalis: Rotatores innervation

spinal nerves