TFA Vocab

Arduous/-ness/-ly

(Adj): Means something is very difficult, laborious, or requiring strenuous effort.

(N): The state or quality of being difficult and tiring.

(Adverb): Done in a way that requires great effort or labor.

Audacity/ous/-ously

(N): A willingness to take bold risks, or rude/disrespectful behavior.

(Adj): Showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks, or showing a lack of respect.

(Adverb): Done in a bold, daring, or insolent manner.

Benevolent/-ce/-ly

(Adj): Well-meaning, kindly, or organized for the purpose of doing good.

(N): The quality of being well-meaning, kindness, or an act of generosity.

(Adverb): Done in a kind, generous, or well-meaning way.

Capricious/Caprice, -ness/-ly

(Adj): Given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior.

(N): A sudden and unaccountable change of mood or behavior (caprice is the whim itself; capriciousness is the quality of having them).

(Adverb): Done in a way that is unpredictable, erratic, or constantly changing.

Copious/-ly/-ness, -ity

(Adj): Abundant in supply or quantity.

(Adverb): Done in great quantities or in an expansive, abundant manner.

(N): A large quantity; abundance or fullness.

Derisive/Derision/Deride/-ly

(Adj): Expressing contempt, ridicule, or mockery.

(N): Contemptuous ridicule or mockery.

(V): To express contempt for; to ridicule or mock someone or something.

(Adverb): Done in a mocking, hateful, or ridiculing manner.

Desolate/Desolate/-ion/-ly

(Adj): Deserted, empty, and bleak; or feeling completely wretched and lonely.

(V): To make a place bleak and empty; or to make someone feel utterly wretched or devastated.

(N): A state of complete emptiness, destruction, or deep loneliness.

(Adverb): Done in a lonely, hopeless, or bleak manner.

Enthralled/-ed/-ly/-ment

(Adj): Captured by fascination; filled with wonder, delight, or captivated attention; spellbound.

(V): To captivate, charm, or hold the spellbound attention of someone.

(Adverb): Doing an action while being completely fascinated.

(N): The state or condition of being fascinated or captivate.

Harbinger/-er/-ingly

(N): A person, thing, or event that signals, announces, or foreshadows the approach of something else (normally significant).

(V): To act as a __-er to, herald, or give an early warning/prediction of a future event.

(Adverb): Serving to announce or signal an approaching event.

Imperious/-ly/-ness

(Adj): Arrogant, domineering, and overbearing; assuming authority or power without justification; commanding or lordly.

(Adverb): In a domineering, arrogant, or dictatorial manner; behaving like a ruler who expects immediate obedience.

(N): The quality of being overbearing, arrogant, or dictatorial; an attitude of assumed superiority.

Imprudent/-ly/-ce

(Adj): Not showing care for the consequences of an action; rash, unwise, or indiscreet.

(Adverb): In an unwise, reckless, or careless manner; acting without thought for future consequences.

(N): The quality of being unwise or reckless; a lack of caution or good judgment; or an unwise act.

Malevolence/-t/-ly

(N): The state or quality of wishing evil or harm to others; ill will, malice, or deep-seated spite.

(Adj): Wishing or doing evil to others; showing a desire to harm; malicious or spiteful.

(Adverb): In a malicious, spiteful, or harmful manner; performing an action with the intent to cause ill will.

Mirth/-ful/-fully

(N): Amusement, high spirits, or laughter, especially as expressed when enjoying yourself with others.

(Adj): Full of mirth, gladness, or laughter; merry, cheerful, or amusing.

(Adverb): In a merry, joyous, or laughter-filled manner; cheerfully.

Ominous/-ly/-ness

(Adj): Giving the impression that something bad or unpleasant is going to happen; threatening, foreboding, or inauspicious.

(Adverb): In a way that suggests something bad is going to happen; threateningly.

(N): The quality of being menacing or foreboding; the state of suggesting an impending threat or evil.

Pacified/-y/-yingly

(N): Appeased, calmed, or brought to a state of peace and tranquility.

(V): To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone; to bring peace to a state of conflict.

(Adverb): In a calming, soothing, or peace-making manner.

Plaintive/-ly/-ness

(Adj): Sounding sad, mournful, or melancholy; expressing sorrow or a pleading desperation.

(Adverb): In a sad, mournful, or pleading manner.

(N): The quality of being mournful or sorrowful.

Poignant/-ly/-cy

(Adj): Evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret; deeply affecting the feelings; moving, touching, or sharp.

(Adverb): In a deeply moving, touching, or piercingly sad manner.

(N): The quality of evoking a keen sense of sadness, regret, or sharp emotion; emotional intensity.

Resilient/-ly/-ce, -cy

(Adj): Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions; strong, flexible, or capable of bouncing back into shape.

(Adverb): In a way that shows an ability to recover quickly from misfortune, damage, or pressure.

(N): The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness; or the ability of a substance to spring back into shape.

Superfluous/-ly/-ness

(Adj): Unnecessary, especially through being more than enough; redundant, excess, or wasteful.

(Adverb): In an unnecessary or excessive manner; doing something beyond what is required or useful.

(N): The state of being unnecessary or excessive.

Woeful/-ly/-ness

(Adj): Characterized by, expressive of, or causing sorrow or misery; wretched, intensely sad, or deplorably bad.

(Adverb): In a miserable, sorrowful, or deplorably bad manner; very badly or wretchedly

(N): The quality of being sorrowful or wretched

Zeal/-ous/-ously

(N): Great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or an objective; passionate devotion or fervor.

(Adj): Full of, characterized by, or showing zeal; passionately devoted, eager, or enthusiastic.

(Adverb): With great energy, enthusiasm, or passionate devotion; eagerly and fervently.