topic 1 pt 1

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on human physiology, providing definitions and explanations of important terms and processes related to the functioning of the human body.

Human Physiology

The scientific study of the functions of our body.

Teleological

An explanation in physiology that describes why something works in terms of meeting a bodily need.

Mechanistic

An explanation in physiology that describes how something works in terms of cause and effect sequences.

Structure-Function Relationship

The relationship where physiological mechanisms are based on structural design.

Cell

The basic fundamental unit of both structure and function in biological organisms.

Plasma Membrane

The barrier that encloses the contents of each cell.

Basic Cell Functions

The various functions of a cell including nutrient intake, waste elimination, and energy production.

Epithelial Tissue

Tissue specialized for exchanging materials between cells and their environment.

Connective Tissue

Tissue that connects, supports, and anchors various body parts.

Muscle Tissue

Tissue specialized for contracting and generating force.

Nervous Tissue

Tissue consisting of cells specialized for initiating and transmitting electrical impulses.

Homeostasis

The ability to regulate internal conditions regardless of external environment.

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Fluid outside the cells, including plasma and interstitial fluid.

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

Fluid inside the cell, making up about 2/3 of the body's total water.

Cardiovascular System

A body system that carries materials from one part of the body to another.

Digestive System

A body system that breaks down food into small nutrient molecules, transfers water and electrolytes, and eliminates waste.

Respiratory System

A body system that obtains oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide.

Urinary System

A body system that removes excess water, salts, and other electrolytes from plasma and eliminates them in urine.