Kingdom Fungi (Biodiversity,biology 40s)

why is fungus not a plant

no roots

no photosynthesis (heterotrophic decomposers)

no cellulose in cell walls

reproduce by spores(not seeds)

Mushrooms

some are edible while many are not

is a spore bearing body (fruiting body) of a fungus

examples of mushrooms

toxic amantia (deathcap mushrooms)

psilocybin mushroom (used in medicine)

Shiitake mushroom

white/brown button mushroom

cap

external dome

gills

thinsheet-like attatchments for spores

spores

reproductive structures for dispersal

can survive long, even in harsh conditions

Mycelium

massive thread like structures

takes nutrients from environment

all fungi can_______

1. digest food outside its body (extracellular digestion)

2. absorb nutrients using mycellium

3. hyphae walls reinforced with chitin

4. reproduce asexually or sexually

5. found in warm, dark, moist environments

mold

moldy appearance is mycelia (hyphae) growing over asubstrate (bread or fruit)

a single organism

mold colour

variety of colours

based on the colour of spores

common bread mold is black (Rhizopus), some are deadly

Green mold is commonly found on fruit

Blue-green mold can produce penicillin, an antibiotic

Infectious fungi

Malassezia spp

Candid albicans

Trichophyton spp

Malasezia Spp

fungus that can cause skin diseases in humans:

skin rashes

dandruff

requires lipidd to grow so this fungus will thrive near sebaceous glands on the face and upper body

Candida albicans

yeast infection

yeast is naturally found in the vaginal area

in large concentration, is a problem.

causes burning, swelling and redness

Barker's yeast is a different species (saccharomyces spp)

trichophyton spp

athletes foot

flaking skin and itching from inflammation

commonly passed from person to person to person in public showers and sweaty footwear

symbiotic fungi examples

Lichen

lichen

an organism that results when algae and fungi form a symbiotic relationship with eachother

algal cells are embedded in the fungi"s mycelium

photosynthetic algae provides the fungus with energy while the fungus provides water and nutrients for algae

compare spores and seeds

Spores:

microscopic