NLST (finals) - School Age Nutrition

School-Age Range

5 to 12 years old, also known as the "latent time of growth"

Growth Rate

Characterized by a slowing down of the rate of growth with gradual body changes

2 to 2.5 inches

Annual Height Gain

3 to 6 pounds

Annual Weight Gain

Primary Level (Early School Age)

- Ages 6 to 8 (Grades 1-3)

- focuses on learning basic skills (reading, writing, math), strong dependence on parents/teachers, and developing basic social skills

Intermediate Level (Middle Childhood)

- Ages 9 to 11 (Grades 4-6)

- characterized by improved academic skills, strong peer interaction, and the beginning of logical reasoning

Age 9 or 10

- Female Growth Spurt Onset

- indicated initially by an increase in foot size

Between age 12 and 16

Male Growth Spurt Onset?

66%

Leg Growth accounts for __ of height increases until adolescence

age 11 to 12

- Permanent Teeth set in by (except for second and third molars)

- this period includes a great susceptibility to cavities

Muscle and Fat Distribution

- Boys have more muscle tissue

- both sexes double their strength during school age

Skeleton Development

- Bone growth is concentrated in legs, arms, and face

- ossification is in progress

age 10 or 12

Brain Growth slows down and is essentially complete by?

Vision Milestones

- Binocular vision is established by age 6

- normal 20/20 vision is reached between ages 9 and 11

Otitis media

Hearing Loss (Primary Cause)?

Gastrointestinal (GI) System

Matures to experience fewer stomach upsets and gains greater stomach capacity

Respiratory Changes

Lungs continue to grow, abdominal breathing decreases, lung capacity increases, and respiratory rate decreases

Bladder Capacity

Greater in girls than in boys

industry versus inferiority

Psychosocial Core Problem

Catch-up Growth

A period of faster-than-expected weight and height gain following a period of slow growth

4-6 glasses or 1-1.5 liters per day

Daily Fluid Intake?

Vitamin C

Active in the formation and maintenance of intercellular material and increases resistance against infectious disease

Sodium and Potassium (Electrolytes)

Mainly involved in regulating the water balance of the body

Food Preferences

- Influenced by sweetness and familiarity

- children often prefer raw vegetables over cooked ones

Skipping Breakfast

A common issue as children may have to rise too early or prepare it themselves

1/4 to 1/3

Breakfast should ideally provide ___ of daily nutrient allowances

Dental Caries

Caused by too much sucrose (the most cariogenic carbohydrate) and snacking at bedtime

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)

A holistic strategy by WHO/UNICEF to reduce child mortality focusing on pneumonia, malnutrition, diarrhea, and measles