Mobility

What is mobility?

Purposeful and coordinated movement.

Anatomical Component

__ - Reduces friction between the bones.

Cartilage

Anatomical Component

__ - Maintain posture and generate heat.

Muscles

Anatomical Component

__ - Allow for flexibility and movement of bones.

Synovial joints

Anatomical Component

__ - Provide a solid and stable framework; produce red blood cells.

Bones

Anatomical Component

__ - Provide for connections of muscles and bones.

Ligaments and tendons

Anatomical Component

__ - Control contraction and relaxation of muscles; coordinate balance and movement.

Nerves

Body Mechanics

__ - Wide base of support.

Base

Body Mechanics

__ - Push & pull, don’t lift.

Push & pull

Body Mechanics

__ - Use large muscle groups.

Use

Body Mechanics

__ - Keep back straight.

Keep back

Body Mechanics

__ - Avoid twisting.

Avoid

Body Mechanics

__ - Keep load close to the body.

Keep

What is immobility?

Inability to move on your own.

What are these assessment of:

• History of M/S problems

• Risk factors for M/S problems

• ADL’s

• Balance, posture, alignment

• Any M/S signs or symptoms

Assessment of Mobility

What are these factors of:

• Developmental considerations

• Physical health

• Mental health

• Lifestyle

• Attitude and values

• Fatigue and stress

• External factors

Factors affecting Movement and Alignment

What medical tool is use to assist and prevent fall?

Gait belt

True or False:

When using a walker, you should move your weak foot before your good foot.

True, the weak foot should move before good foot.

Which range of motion:

• with help or assist from nurse or therapist.

Passive ROM

Which range of motion:

• on your own.

Active ROM

What can you do to prevent patient falls?

• Call bell in reach

• Meaningful rounds

• Educate patient

• Use gait belt

What should you do if a patient falls?

• Stay with the patient and call for help

• Do not move the patient until the nurses assess for injury

• Safety assist patient up

• Obtain orthostatic VS

• Document

Bone Cells

__ - Absorbs excess bone during remodeling phase of bone healing.

Osteoclasts

Bone Cells

__ - Builds bone.

Osteoblasts

Bone Cells

__ - Keeps bone maintained.

Osteocytes

Complication of fractures

__ - no surgery needed.

Closed Reduction

Complication of fractures

__ - need surgery.

Open Reduction

Complication of fractures

__ - break through skin.

Open fracture

Complication of fractures

__ - contain with with skin.

Close fracture

True or False:

Kids heals slower than adults from fracture.

False, kids heals faster from fracture.

Which level of mobility assist:

• Client extends arm and reaches across midline to shake hands with nurse

• Client moves self from semi-reclining position to sitting on edge of bed and maintains for at least 2 min

Equipment Needed:

• Mechanical lift

• Slide boards

Number of personnel needed:

• Two or more personnel

Level 1 Maximum Assist

Which level of mobility assist:

• While seated at edge of bed, client places feet on floor

• Client extends one leg out, flexes ankle and points toes; repeat with other leg

Equipment Needed:

• Mechanical sit-to-stand lifts

• Ambulation assistive devices

Number of personnel needed:

• Two or more personnel

Level 2 Moderate Assist

Which level of mobility assist:

• Client can raise self from a seated position using assistive device (cane or bed rail)

• Client can maintain standing position for at least 5 seconds

Equipment Needed:

• Gait belt

• Ambulation assistive devices

Number of personnel needed:

• One to two personnel

Level 3 ​Minimal Assist

Which level of mobility assist:

• Client can march in place

• Client can step forward and backward

Equipment Needed:

• None

Number of personnel needed:

• Zero to one personnel

Level 4 ​​​​​​​No Assist

Which bed position:

• Lying on abdomen with the head turned to one side; hips are unflexed

Advantages:

• Allows for full extension of the hip and knee joints to prevent contractures

• Promotes drainage of secretions

Prone

Which bed position:

• Lying flat on the back, possibly with knees bent.

Advantages:

• Enables visualization of the client for examination

Supine or dorsal recumbent

Which bed position:

• Side-lying; the hips and knees are flexed with a pillow separating the knees/legs.

• Designated as left lateral or right lateral depending on which side of the client is in contact with the bed.

Advantages:

• Promotes spinal alignment

• Reduces pressure on the sacrum and heels

Lateral

Which bed position:

• Semi-seated or reclined position with the head of the bed elevated 45°; knees may be flexed.

• Semi-Fowler’s: Head of the bed is elevated 15° to 30°.

• High-Fowler’s: Head of the bed is elevated 60° to 90°.

Advantages:

• Promotes lung expansion

Fowler

When bed position:

• Placed between the prone and lateral positions, with the top leg flexed up toward the chest and supported with a pillow; the bottom arm is placed to the side of the torso, not underneath.

Advantages:

• Reduces pressure on the sacrum and hips

• Promotes drainage of secretions

Lateral semi-prone recumbent

When bed position:

• Lying flat on the back, with the foot of the bed above the head of the bed.

• Reverse Trendelenburg: The foot of the bed is lower than the head of the bed.

Advantages:

• Promotes venous return

• Promotes drainage of the lower lobes of the lungs

Trendelenburg

Spinal curve disorder:

__ - curves to the side instead of running straight down the middle. When viewed from the back, it often forms an "S" shape or a "C".

Scoliosis

Spinal curve disorder:

__ - An excessive roundness or hunch in the upper back (thoracic spine).

Kyphosis

Spinal curve disorder:

__ - An exaggerated inward "swayback" curve in the lower back (lumbar spine).

Lordosis

Which type of movement:

• Bend; reduce the angle between the bones

Flexion

Which type of movement:

• Straighten the limb

Extension

Which type of movement:

• Move away from baseline

Abduction

Which type of movement:

• Bring closer to baseline

Adduction

Which type of movement:

• Turning to face backward

Pronation

Which type of movement:

• Turning to face forward

Supination

Which type of movement:

• Circular motion

Circumduction

Which type of movement:

• Side-to-side

Rotation

Which type of movement:

• Turn inward

Inversion

Which type of movement:

• Turn outward

Eversion