Physical Science Ch 4 and 5.1 Vocab -Alexis Cook

Average atomic Mass

the weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element

Atomic Number

the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom

Periodic Law

when chemical elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number

Proton

a positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom

Atomic Mass Unit

a unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights, defined as one twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Ion

a charged particle formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

Valence Electron

an electron that is involved in the formation of chemical bonds, typically found in the outermost shell of an atom.

Electron

a subatomic particle that has a negative charge and orbits the nucleus of an atom.

Isotope

atoms of the same chemical element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Group

a vertical column of elements on the periodic table

Orbital

a three-dimensional region of space around an atom's nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron.

Newtron

a neutral subatomic particle with no electrical charge, found in the nucleus of an atom alongside protons

Mass Number

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Period

chemistry (the periodic table)

Nucleuse

the small, dense, positively charged center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.