Mod. 10 (PSYCHOTROPICS)

Psychotropic Drugs = 4 types

4 Types → A-A-M-A

1. Anxiolytics

2. Antipsychotics

3. Mood Stabilizers

4. Antidepressants

Think:
“Psychotropics control animal mind + mood.”

Mnemonic:
“Anxious Animals Manage Attitudes.”

PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS

MEMORY ANCHOR
Psychotropic Drugs = what major structure?

Psychotropic Drugs

Used for psychiatric disorders in animals.

Example:
Separation Anxiety

Mnemonic:
“Psycho-TROOPs help the animal mind.”

Psychotropic drugs are used for what?

Separation Anxiety

Mnemonic:
“Separated = stressed.”

Give one example of a psychiatric disorder in animals treated by psychotropic drugs.

A-A-M-A

1. Anxiolytics

2. Antipsychotics

3. Mood Stabilizers

4. Antidepressants

Mnemonic:
“Anxious Animals Manage Attitudes.”

Psychotropic Drugs are divided into what 4 types? Mnemonic?

A = Anxiolytics
A = Antipsychotics
M = Mood Stabilizers
A = Antidepressants

Mnemonic:
“An Anxious Mind Adjusts.”

What does A-A-M-A stand for under Psychotropic Drugs?

Anxiolytics

2 Uses → G-P
6 Drugs → D-O-C-M-A-B
4 Benzodiazepines → D-O-C-M
2 Other drugs → A-B

Think:
“Anxiolytics calm G-P using DOCMAB.”

ANXIOLYTICS

MEMORY ANCHOR
Anxiolytics = what major structure?

G-P

1. Generalized Anxiety

2. Panic

Mnemonic:
“General Panic.”

Anxiolytics are used to treat what 2 conditions? Mnemonic?

Anxiolytics

Mnemonic:
“Anxiety-LYTICS break anxiety.”

Which psychotropic drug type is used to treat generalized anxiety and panic?

Benzodiazepines

Mnemonic:
“Benzo bends anxiety down.”

What main drug group is listed under Anxiolytics?

D-O-C-M

1. Diazepam

2. Oxazepam

3. Clorazepate

4. Midazolam

Mnemonic:
“Dogs Often Calmly Mellow.”

Enumerate the Benzodiazepines under Anxiolytics. Mnemonic?

D = Diazepam
O = Oxazepam
C = Clorazepate
M = Midazolam

Mnemonic:
“Dogs Often Calmly Mellow.”

What does D-O-C-M stand for under Benzodiazepines?

D-O-C-M-A-B

1. Diazepam

2. Oxazepam

3. Clorazepate

4. Midazolam

5. Azapirone

6. Buspirone

Mnemonic:
“Dogs Often Calmly Manage Anxiety Better.”

Enumerate all Anxiolytic drugs listed in the notes. Mnemonic?

Anxiolytic — Benzodiazepine

Mnemonic:
“Diaze-PAM calms the panicking pet.”

Diazepam belongs to what psychotropic type and drug group?

Anxiolytic — Benzodiazepine

Mnemonic:
“OX becomes ZEN.”

Oxazepam = calm ox.

Oxazepam belongs to what psychotropic type and drug group?

Anxiolytic — Benzodiazepine

Mnemonic:
“Clora-ZEN-pate.”

ZEN = calm.

Clorazepate belongs to what psychotropic type and drug group?

Anxiolytic — Benzodiazepine

Mnemonic:
“Mida-ZZZ-lam.”

ZZZ = sleepy/calm.

Midazolam belongs to what psychotropic type and drug group?

A-B

1. Azapirone

2. Buspirone

Mnemonic:
“Aza and Bus bring peace.”

Aside from Benzodiazepines, what other Anxiolytic drugs are listed? Mnemonic?

Anxiolytic

Mnemonic:
“Aza-PEACE-rone.”

Aza brings peace to anxiety.

Azapirone belongs to what psychotropic type?

Anxiolytic

Mnemonic:
“Bus-PEACE-rone.”

An anxious pet rides the peace bus.

Buspirone belongs to what psychotropic type?

Antipsychotics

2 Uses → B-A
2 Potency Groups → Low Pheno + High Butyro
3 Phenothiazines → A-C-T
4 Butyrophenones → H-T-T-R

Think:
“Antipsychotics reduce B-A using ACT and HTTR.”

ANTIPSYCHOTICS

MEMORY ANCHOR
Antipsychotics = what major structure?

B-A

1. Diminished Behavioral Arousal

2. Anger Mismanagement

Mnemonic:
“Behavioral Anger goes down.”

Antipsychotics are used for what 2 things? Mnemonic?

Antipsychotics

Mnemonic:
“Anti-psycho = anti-arousal.”

Which psychotropic drug type diminishes behavioral arousal?

Phenothiazine Group

Mnemonic:
“LOW PHENO.”

Low potency = Phenothiazine.

For low potency antipsychotics, what is the D.O.C. group?

Butyrophenones

Mnemonic:
“HIGH BUTYRO.”

High potency = Butyrophenones.

For high potency antipsychotics, what is the D.O.C. group?

LOW PHENO, HIGH BUTYRO

1. Low Potency = Phenothiazine Group

2. High Potency = Butyrophenones

Mnemonic:
“Low words = Pheno. High actions = Butyro.”

Differentiate low potency and high potency antipsychotics. Mnemonic?

A-C-T

1. Acepromazine

2. Chlorpromazine

3. Thioridazine

Mnemonic:
“Angry Creatures Talk.”

Enumerate the Phenothiazine Group drugs. Mnemonic?

Phenothiazine Group

Mnemonic:
A-C-T = “Angry Creatures Talk.”

Acepromazine, Chlorpromazine, and Thioridazine belong to what antipsychotic group?

Antipsychotic — Phenothiazine Group

Mnemonic:
“ACE calms the angry animal.”

Acepromazine belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

Antipsychotic — Phenothiazine Group

Mnemonic:
“CHLORO-form calm.”

Chlorpromazine sounds like chloroform calming arousal.

Chlorpromazine belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

Antipsychotic — Phenothiazine Group

Mnemonic:
“Thio-RID-azine = RID the rage.”

Thioridazine belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

H-T-T-R

1. Haloperidol

2. Trifluoperazine

3. Thiothixene

4. Risperidone

Mnemonic:
“High Tension Triggers Rage.”

Enumerate the Butyrophenones. Mnemonic?

Butyrophenones

Mnemonic:
H-T-T-R = “High Tension Triggers Rage.”

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Thiothixene, and Risperidone belong to what antipsychotic group?

Antipsychotic — Butyrophenone

Mnemonic:
“HALO over rage.”

An angry animal gets a halo and calms down.

Haloperidol belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

Antipsychotic — Butyrophenone

Mnemonic:
“TRI = three arrows against rage.”

Trifluoperazine belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

Antipsychotic — Butyrophenone

Mnemonic:
“Thio-THICK-chain.”

Thick chains hold down arousal.

Thiothixene belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

Antipsychotic — Butyrophenone

Mnemonic:
“Risperi-DONE = rage is DONE.”

Risperidone belongs to what psychotropic type and group?

Mood Stabilizers

3 Uses → M-I-A
Usually → Anticonvulsants
3 Drugs → C-V-L

Think:
“CVL calms MIA.”

MOOD STABILIZERS

MEMORY ANCHOR
Mood Stabilizers = what major structure?

M-I-A

1. Mood Swings / Bipolar

2. Impulsive Emotional Reactivity

3. Aggression

Mnemonic:
“Mood Impulses Attack.”

Mood Stabilizers are used for what 3 problems? Mnemonic?

Mood Stabilizers

Mnemonic:
“Stabilizers stop the swing.”

Which psychotropic type is used for mood swings, bipolar, impulsive emotional reactivity, and aggression?v

Anticonvulsants

Mnemonic:
“Anticonvulsants calm the emotional convulsion.”

Mood Stabilizer drugs are usually what type of drugs?

C-V-L

1. Carbamazepine

2. Valproic Acid

3. Lithium

Mnemonic:
“Calm Volatile Lions.”

Enumerate the Mood Stabilizer drugs. Mnemonic?

Mood Stabilizers

Mnemonic:
C-V-L = “Calm Volatile Lions.”

Carbamazepine, Valproic Acid, and Lithium belong to what psychotropic type?

Mood Stabilizer

Mnemonic:
“Carba-MAZE-pine.”

Mood is lost in a maze; Carbamazepine stabilizes it.

Carbamazepine belongs to what psychotropic type?

Mood Stabilizer

Mnemonic:
“VAL controls the volcano.”

Volcano = explosive emotional reactivity.

Valproic Acid belongs to what psychotropic type?

Mood Stabilizer

Mnemonic:
“Lithium battery = stable charge, stable mood.”

Lithium belongs to what psychotropic type?

Antidepressants

5 Uses → B-O-S-I-S
2 Groups → T-S
4 TCA Drugs → A-I-C-D
3 SSRI Drugs → F-S-P

Think:
“Antidepressants treat BOSIS with TS: AICD + FSP.”

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

MEMORY ANCHOR
Antidepressants = what major structure?

B-O-S-I-S

1. Behavioral Disorders

2. Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior

3. Stereotypic Behavior

4. Inappropriate Elimination

5. Suicidal Depression

Mnemonic:
“Behavior Obsessions Stay In Sadness.”

Antidepressants are used to treat what 5 conditions? Mnemonic?

Antidepressants

Mnemonic:
“Antidepressants treat sad and stuck behaviors.”

Which psychotropic type treats behavioral disorders, obsessive-compulsive behavior, stereotypic behavior, inappropriate elimination, and suicidal depression?

T-S

1. Tricyclic Compounds / TCA

2. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / SSRI

Mnemonic:
“Treat Sadness.”

What are the 2 groups of Antidepressant drugs? Mnemonic?

Tricyclic Compounds

Mnemonic:
“Tri = three cycles.”

What does TCA mean?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Mnemonic:
“SSRI Saves Serotonin.”

What does SSRI mean?

Serotonin

Associated with happy hormone, positivity, and energy.

Mnemonic:
“Sero-TONE-in sets the tone.”

SSRIs manage the function of what hormone?

A-I-C-D

1. Amitriptyline

2. Imipramine

3. Clomipramine

4. Doxepin

Mnemonic:
“Antidepressants Improve Compulsive Dogs.”

Enumerate the TCA drugs. Mnemonic?

Tricyclic Compounds / TCA

Mnemonic:
A-I-C-D = “Antidepressants Improve Compulsive Dogs.”

Amitriptyline, Imipramine, Clomipramine, and Doxepin belong to what antidepressant group?

Tricyclic Compounds / TCA

Mnemonic:
“AMI-trip-tyline.”

Ami = friend.
A friend takes the sad animal on a trip.

Amitriptyline belongs to what antidepressant group?

Tricyclic Compounds / TCA

Mnemonic:
“IMI-pramine = I’m improving.”

Imipramine belongs to what antidepressant group?

Tricyclic Compounds / TCA

Mnemonic:
“CLO-mi-pramine = close compulsive loops.”

Clomipramine belongs to what antidepressant group?

Tricyclic Compounds / TCA

Mnemonic:
“DOX-epin = dog exits depression.”

Doxepin belongs to what antidepressant group?

F-S-P

1. Fluoxetine

2. Sertraline

3. Paroxetine

Mnemonic:
“Feel Serotonin Positivity.”

Enumerate the SSRI drugs. Mnemonic?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / SSRI

Mnemonic:
F-S-P = “Feel Serotonin Positivity.”

Fluoxetine, Sertraline, and Paroxetine belong to what antidepressant group?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor / SSRI

Mnemonic:
“FLUOX-etine = serotonin flows.”

Fluoxetine belongs to what antidepressant group?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor / SSRI

Mnemonic:
“SER-tra-line = serotonin train line.”

Sertraline belongs to what antidepressant group?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor / SSRI

Mnemonic:
“PAROX-etine = positivity parks in.”

Paroxetine belongs to what antidepressant group?

Selegiline

Classification:
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor

Use:
Cognitive impairment in seniors that can lead to Alzheimer’s Disease.

Mnemonic:
“SELE-giline = Senior Elderly Learning Engine.”

OTHER AGENTS

MEMORY ANCHOR
What drug is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor used for cognitive impairment in seniors?